Staff profile

My research focuses on the study of Chinese media, communication and modern intellectual history with three strands of interest. The first is concerned with the role of the media in transforming traditional China into a modern society. The second is the impact of language use in the media that shapes people’s perceptions of reality, and how they respond to rapid socio-political changes. The third examines mutual media representations between China and the West, focusing on identity production and reproduction through the image of the other. My central concern in all these strands is the way in which the mass media impact on the way people in China make sense of the modern world they live in.

Currently I am working on a new book Communicating an Alternative Modernity in China: Media and the Chinese State (Routledge forthcoming) that investigates the role of China’s modern state-building as a unique form of Chinese approach to modernity from the perspective of China’s classical political philosophy. It investigates the way in which the state media construct collective identities, public consensus and common purposes in China’s current socioeconomic transformations underpinned increasingly by traditional assumptions of politics rather than Western post-enlightenment values promoted in late Qing and Republican periods. Meanwhile, I am also working on a publication project as the section editor of the Chinese Film, Media and Communication as part of the Routledge Research Encyclopaedia on Chinese Studies.

My recently published monograph The Language of Nation-State Building in Late Qing China examines the pivotal role of the late Qing press in facilitating the transformation of China's universalist dynasty into a modern nation-state. The book is based on a project funded by The Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) under the Open World Research Initiative (OWRI) that I completed in 2021. My project Translating Modernity: a Linguistic Investigation of the Migration of Western Ideas to China around the Turn into the 20th Century investigate how concepts rooted in modern European values were linguistically reconstructed in China’s early modern press and how it shaped intellectual and political discussions about fundamental issues on how to modernize China.

Previously I completed two British Academy-funded research projects. Both examined the way in which the media actively promote a developmentalist identity of the post-reform China contextualised in the historical drive for an industrialist modernity.

My first monograph China under Western Gaze is the first book-length study of the British television documentaries’ representation of China in the pivotal years of 1980-2000. Drawing on Vladimir Propp’s dramatis personae, I analysed the mythic and mimetic narratives of the documentary texts and visual images. The book details how the 1980s’ fascination with a ‘rediscovered’ cultural China turned into the 1990s’ repulsion of a political China; and how the sudden change of China's image in the British media in a single decade is intricately linked to the global shift of geopolitics from the cold war to the post-cold war world.

I have supervised PhD students working on a range of topics, including the British Conceptions of China and Japan in the 19th century, the BBC reporting of China, Western newsmagazine reporting of US-China and US-Japan trade wars, the 19th century English newspaper representation of China, BBC reporting of Saudi Arabia, Chinese literary representation of modernity in Republican China, discursive construction of China’s national identity, China's diplomatic language, and representation of women in newspapers from late Qing to contemporary China. I would welcome enquiries from students who wish to pursue PhDs in similar fields and those related to my research interests. Proposals that use corpus linguistics as a research method are welcome.

 

• China's modern intellectual history
• Chinese politics
• Mass media and society
• Western reporting of China
• Chinese language and linguistics
• Chinese translation

Authored book

• The Language of Nation-State Building in Late Qing China: A Case Study of the Xinmin Congbao and the Minbao, 1902-1910
  
  Cao, Q. (2023). The Language of Nation-State Building in Late Qing China: A Case Study of the Xinmin Congbao and the Minbao, 1902-1910. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003206835
• China under Western Gaze: Representing China in the British Television Documentaries, 1980-2000
  
  Cao, Q. (2014). China under Western Gaze: Representing China in the British Television Documentaries, 1980-2000. World Scientific Publishing.
• China’s Image from a Global Perspective (224 pages)
  
  Cao, Q. (2013). China’s Image from a Global Perspective(224 pages). Nankai University Press.

Book review

• Review Essay: Contemporary Marxist Aesthetics and Criticism
  
  Cao, Q. (2023). Review Essay: Contemporary Marxist Aesthetics and Criticism. Interdisciplinary Studies of Literature, 7(2), 168-172.
• China under Communism
  
  Cao, Q. (1999). China under Communism. Pacific Review, 12(1), 136-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512749908719281

Chapter in book

• Introduction
  
  Margolies, D., & Cao, Q. (2022). Introduction. In D. Margolies & Q. Cao (Eds.), Utopia and Modernity in China: Contradictions in Transition (pp. 1-10). Pluto.
• The Lure of Utopia: Reinterpreting Liang Qichao's Xinmin Shuo
  
  Cao, Q. (2022). The Lure of Utopia: Reinterpreting Liang Qichao’s Xinmin Shuo. In D. Margolies & Q. Cao (Eds.), Utopia and Modernity in China: Contradictions in Transition (pp. 11-32). Pluto Press.
• Digital media, governance, and the making of youth in contemporary China
  
  Cao, Q., & Lang, I. (2021). Digital media, governance, and the making of youth in contemporary China. In X. Wei (Ed.), China’s Contemporary Image and Rhetoric Practice (pp. 137-158). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315144764
• Translating 'Nation' in Late Qing China: The Discourse and Power of Nation in the Remaking of Chinese Society, 1895-1911
  
  Cao, Q. (2021). Translating ’Nation’ in Late Qing China: The Discourse and Power of Nation in the Remaking of Chinese Society, 1895-1911. In A. Almanna & C. Gu (Eds.), Translation as a Set of Frames: Ideology, Power, Discourse, Identity & Representation (pp. 193-208). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003024828
• Introduction: Continuities and Changes for an Alternative Modernity
  
  Cao, Q., Wu, D., & Tomaselli, K. (2019). Introduction: Continuities and Changes for an Alternative Modernity. In Q. Cao, D. Wu, & K. Tomaselli (Eds.), Brand China in the media: transformation of identities.. Routledge.
• Discursive Construction of National and Political Identities in China
  
  Cao, Q. (2019). Discursive Construction of National and Political Identities in China. In C. Shei (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of Chinese discourse analysis. (pp. 431-443). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315213705
• Chinese Developmentalism and Television Representation of South Africa.
  
  Cao, Q. (2017). Chinese Developmentalism and Television Representation of South Africa. In K. Batchelor & X. Zhang (Eds.), China-Africa Relations: Building Images through Cultural Co-operation, Media Representation and Communication. (pp. 199-217). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315229096-12
• Narrative Approach to Discourse Analysis: Theory, Method and a Case Study
  
  Cao, Q. (2016). Narrative Approach to Discourse Analysis: Theory, Method and a Case Study. In H. Tian (Ed.), Discourse Studies (Volume 2) (pp. 1-25). Nankai University Press.
• The Politics and poetics of television documentary in China
  
  Cao, Q. (2015). The Politics and poetics of television documentary in China. In G. Rawnsley & M.- yeh Rawnsley (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of Chinese media. (pp. 355-371). Routledge.
• Introduction: Legitimisation, Resistance and Discursive Struggles in Contemporary China
  
  Cao, Q. (2014). Introduction: Legitimisation, Resistance and Discursive Struggles in Contemporary China. In Q. Cao, H. Tian, & P. Chilton (Eds.), Discourse, politics and media in contemporary China. (pp. 1-22). John Benjamins Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.54.01int
• China's Soft Power: Formulations, Contestations and Communication
  
  Cao, Q. (2014). China’s Soft Power: Formulations, Contestations and Communication. In Q. Cao, H. Tian, & P. Chilton (Eds.), Discourse, politics and media in contemporary China. (pp. 171-194). John Benjamins Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.54.08cao
• From revolution to business: China's changing discourses on Africa
  
  Cao, Q. (2013). From revolution to business: China’s changing discourses on Africa. In S. Chan (Ed.), The morality of China in Africa : the middle kingdom and the dark continent. (pp. 60-69). Zed Books.
• Re-imagined West in the Chinese Television: a Case Study of a China Central Television Documentary Series Rise of Great Powers
  
  Cao, Q. (2012). Re-imagined West in the Chinese Television: a Case Study of a China Central Television Documentary Series Rise of Great Powers. In P. Chilton, H. Tian, & R. Wodak (Eds.), Discourse and Social-Political Transformations in Contemporary China (pp. 127-144). John Benjamins Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1075/bct.42
• Propaganda
  
  Cao, Q. (2012). Propaganda. In O. Patterson & G. Geoffrey (Eds.), Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia and Africa (Volume 3: East and Southeast Asia) (pp. 351-353). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458
• Reimagining Traditions: the Role of Culture in China’s External Relations
  
  Cao, Q. (2012). Reimagining Traditions: the Role of Culture in China’s External Relations. In H. Tian & Q. Cao (Eds.), Reinventing Identities: the Poetics of Language Use in Contemporary China. (pp. 45-70). Nankai University Press.
• Introduction: Language, Discourse and Identity in Globalised China
  
  Cao, Q. (2012). Introduction: Language, Discourse and Identity in Globalised China. In H. Tian & Q. Cao (Eds.), Reinventing Identities: the Poetics of Language Use in Contemporary China (pp. 1-15). Nankai University Press.
• Anti-Colonialism
  
  Cao, Q. (2012). Anti-Colonialism. In O. Patterson & G. Geoffrey (Eds.), Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia and Africa (Volume 3: East and Southeast Asia) (pp. 201-203). SAGE Publications.
• Reporting China: Perspectives, Patterns and Research Methodology
  
  Cao, Q. (2011). Reporting China: Perspectives, Patterns and Research Methodology. In W. Pan & J. Chan (Eds.), Chinese Stuides and International Communication (Volume 1) (pp. 1-19). East China Normal University Press.
• China’s Evolving Human Security Discourse
  
  Cao, Q., & Renwick, N. (2010). China’s Evolving Human Security Discourse. In M. Iwatake (Ed.), New Perspectives from Japan and China. (pp. 27-50). Renvall Institute Publications 27, University of Helsinki.
• Intercultural Communication through Language: Chinese Cultural Linguistics and Its Implications in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language
  
  Cao, Q. (2009). Intercultural Communication through Language: Chinese Cultural Linguistics and Its Implications in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. In X. Zhang (Ed.), Theories and Practices in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (pp. 1-12). Cypress.
• Journalism and Political Change: the Case of China
  
  Cao, Q. (2009). Journalism and Political Change: the Case of China. In A. Stuart (Ed.), The Routledge Companion to News and Journalism. (pp. 138-148). Routledge.
• Western Perspectives on China
  
  Cao, Q. (2009). Western Perspectives on China. In L. Cheng (Ed.), Berkshire Encyclopaedia of China (pp. 1749-1753). Berkshire Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780190622671.001.0001
• Western Representation of the ‘Other’
  
  Cao, Q. (2006). Western Representation of the ‘Other’. In Shi-xu (Ed.), Discourse as Cultural Struggle. (pp. 105-122). Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
• Chinese
  
  Cao, Q. (2005). Chinese. In C. Moore (Ed.), In Other Words: The Language Lover’s Guide to the Most Intriguing Words Around the World (pp. 82-85). Oxford University Press.
• Modern Political Communication in China
  
  Cao, Q., & Renwick, N. (2003). Modern Political Communication in China. In G. Rawnsley & M.-Y. Rawnsley (Eds.), Political Communication in Greater China: The Construction and Reflection of Identity. (pp. 62-82). Routledge.
• Selling Culture: Ancient Chinese Conception of the ‘Other’ in Legends
  
  Cao, Q. (2001). Selling Culture: Ancient Chinese Conception of the ‘Other’ in Legends. In S. Chan, P. Mandeville, & R. Bleiker (Eds.), The Zen of International Relations: IR Theories from East to West. (pp. 178-202). Palgrave Macmillan.
• Religious Culture and Translation
  
  Cao, Q. (2000). Religious Culture and Translation. In J. Guo (Ed.), Culture and Translation (pp. 364-377). China Translation Publishing House.
• State Developmentalism and the Chinese Leadership: Ideology, Cultural Heritage, and Self-reinvention
  
  Cao, Q. (n.d.). State Developmentalism and the Chinese Leadership: Ideology, Cultural Heritage, and Self-reinvention. In U. A. Bērziņa-Čerenkova (Ed.), Discourse, Rhetoric and Shifting Political Behaviour in China [Contracted by publisher]. Routledge.
• Guiding the Public: the Politics of Documentary Films in China
  
  Cao, Q. (n.d.). Guiding the Public: the Politics of Documentary Films in China. In M.-Y. Rawnsley, Y. Ma, & G. Rawnsley (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Media (2nd Edition) [Contracted by publisher]. Routledge.

Edited book

• Utopia and Modernity in China: Contradictions in Transition
  
  Margolies, D., & Cao, Q. (Eds.). (2022). Utopia and Modernity in China: Contradictions in Transition. Pluto.
• Brand China in the Media: Transformation of Identities
  
  Cao, Q., Wu, D., & Tomaselli, K. (Eds.). (2019). Brand China in the Media: Transformation of Identities. Routledge.
• Discourse, Politics and Media in Contemporary China
  
  Cao, Q., Tian, H., & Chilton, P. (Eds.). (2014). Discourse, Politics and Media in Contemporary China. John Benjamins Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.54
• Reinventing Identities: the Poetics of Language Use in Contemporary China (214 pages)
  
  Tian, H., & Cao, Q. (Eds.). (2012). Reinventing Identities: the Poetics of Language Use in Contemporary China (214 pages). Nankai University Press.

Journal Article

• The Relational Self: Maternal Inheritance and Eurasian Identity in Han Suyin’s The Crippled Tree
  
  Wang, Y., Cao, Q., & Nitschke, C. (2023). The Relational Self: Maternal Inheritance and Eurasian Identity in Han Suyin’s The Crippled Tree. Life Writing, 20(3), 563-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/14484528.2022.2151847
• The Discourse of Xinmin: Mindset Remodelling and Nation-Building in Early Twentieth Century China
  
  Cao, Q. (2022). The Discourse of Xinmin: Mindset Remodelling and Nation-Building in Early Twentieth Century China. Chinese Language and Discourse, 13(1), 123-143. https://doi.org/10.1075/cld.21032.cao
• A Corpus-based Investigation of Guomin
  
  Cao, Q. (2018). A Corpus-based Investigation of Guomin. Journal of Chinese Sociolinguistics, 31(2), 13-28.
• The adaption of Western Ideas in Late Qing Press: A Translingual Investigation
  
  Cao, Q. (2018). The adaption of Western Ideas in Late Qing Press: A Translingual Investigation. Social Scientist, 32(11), 11-19.
• Modern Chinese Identities at the Crossroads: Introduction
  
  Cao, Q., & Wu, D. (2017). Modern Chinese Identities at the Crossroads: Introduction. Critical Arts: A Journal of South-North Cultural Studies, 31(6), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2017.1405456
• Rupture in Modernity: A Case Study of Radicalism in Late Qing Chinese Press Debate
  
  Cao, Q. (2017). Rupture in Modernity: A Case Study of Radicalism in Late Qing Chinese Press Debate. Critical Arts: A Journal of South-North Cultural Studies, 31(6), 9-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2017.1407809
• Modernity and Media Portrayals of China
  
  Cao, Q. (2012). Modernity and Media Portrayals of China. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication, 22(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.22.1.01cao
• The Language of Soft Power: Mediating Socio-political Meanings in the Chinese Media
  
  Cao, Q. (2011). The Language of Soft Power: Mediating Socio-political Meanings in the Chinese Media. Critical Arts: A Journal of South-North Cultural Studies, 25(1), 7-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2011.552203
• Cultural Foundations of Western Representation of China
  
  Cao, Q. (2011). Cultural Foundations of Western Representation of China. Global Media Review, 8(1), 128-143.
• The re-imagined West in Chinese Television: a Case Study of the CCTV Documentary Series the Rise of the Great Powers
  
  Cao, Q. (2010). The re-imagined West in Chinese Television: a Case Study of the CCTV Documentary Series the Rise of the Great Powers. Journal of Language and Politics, 9(4), 615-633. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.9.4.08cao
• Missing Heroes: Portraying Chinese History in British Television
  
  Cao, Q., & Fu, D. (2009). Missing Heroes: Portraying Chinese History in British Television. Journal of Chinese Sociolinguistics, 13(2), 60-77.
• China's Cultural Soft Power: An Emerging National Cultural Security Discourse.
  
  Cao, Q., & Renwick, N. (2008). China’s Cultural Soft Power: An Emerging National Cultural Security Discourse. American Journal of Chinese Studies, 15(2), 69-86.
• After the Civilization Orders: International Cultural Relations in a Third World Perspective
  
  Chan, S., & Cao, Q. (2008). After the Civilization Orders: International Cultural Relations in a Third World Perspective. World Economics and Politics, 27(7), 67-71.
• Confucian Vision of a New World Order? Culturalist Discourse, Foreign Policy and the Press in Contemporary China
  
  Cao, Q. (2007). Confucian Vision of a New World Order? Culturalist Discourse, Foreign Policy and the Press in Contemporary China. International Communication Gazette, 69(5), 431-450. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048507080868
• China Through Western Eyes: a Case Study of a BBC Television Documentary Series Road to Xanadu
  
  Cao, Q. (2007). China Through Western Eyes: a Case Study of a BBC Television Documentary Series Road to Xanadu. European Journal of East Asian Studies, 7(2), 275-297.
• The Discourse of Technology in Western Representation of China: A Case Study
  
  Cao, Q. (2006). The Discourse of Technology in Western Representation of China: A Case Study. Global Media Journal - Brazilian Edition, 5(9), 1-14.
• Two Faces of Confucianism: Narrative Construction of Cross-cultural Imagery
  
  Cao, Q. (2004). Two Faces of Confucianism: Narrative Construction of Cross-cultural Imagery. Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies, 30(2), 223-248.
• Journalism as Politics: Reporting Hong Kong’s Handover in the Chinese Press
  
  Cao, Q. (2000). Journalism as Politics: Reporting Hong Kong’s Handover in the Chinese Press. Journalism Studies, 1(4), 665-678. https://doi.org/10.1080/146167000441367
• Signification of Hong Kong’s Handover: the Case of the British Press
  
  Cao, Q. (1999). Signification of Hong Kong’s Handover: the Case of the British Press. Journal of International Communication, 6(2), 71-89. https://doi.org/10.1080/13216597.1999.9751890
• China's political discourse towards the 21st century : victimhood, identity, and political power,
  
  Cao, Q., & Renwick, N. (1999). China’s political discourse towards the 21st century : victimhood, identity, and political power,. East Asia, 17(4), 111-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12140-999-0019-7

Other (Print)

• Hong Kong protests: why Chinese media reports focus on Britain's colonial past
  
  Cao, Q. (2019). Hong Kong protests: why Chinese media reports focus on Britain’s colonial past. The Conversation.
• Changing Perspectives on China
  
  Cao, Q. (2008). Changing Perspectives on China (pp. 8-11). Guanxi: The China Letter.
• China's Position in the New Global Structure
  
  Cao, Q. (2003). China’s Position in the New Global Structure. Ming Pao Monthly.
• Tony Blair's Foreign Policy and its Impact
  
  Cao, Q. (2003). Tony Blair’s Foreign Policy and its Impact (pp. 26-28). Ming Pao Monthly.
• Deconstructing China Threat
  
  Cao, Q. (2003). Deconstructing China Threat. Ming Pao Monthly.