Staff profile

My main research interests are in the behavioural ecology of primates and other large mammals and in particular in understanding how animals respond to the risk of predation. I run the Primate & Predator Project based at the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Medike Nature Reserve in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa, with a sister site at the Alldays Wildlife and Communities Research Centre. I have previously managed other projects in South Africa based at De Hoop Nature Reserve and in the Kruger National Park. My postgraduate students have conducted projects across southern Africa, and increasingly our work is examining mammalian conservation and human-wildlife interactions from an interdiscplinary perspective. I also have interests in applying evolutionary principles to explore a number of different aspects of human behaviour, particularly in understanding the role of the colour red in human competitive interactions.

I am interested in supervising students in any of my research interests, including primate behaviour and ecology, predator-prey interactions and interdisciplinary approaches to conservation and human-wildlife conflict.

Primate & Predator Project

Protected areas are the cornerstone of local, regional, and global strategies for biodiversity conservation. As human populations continue to rise and human activities convert and degrade lowland habitats, mountainous regions are increasingly important to species conservation. Mountainous areas are often noted for high concentrations of endemic species of animals and plants, and thus represent an important focus for conservation research. Our study aims to understand the ecology of species living in a biodiversity hotspot in the mountains of South Africa and examines the threat of human activity to species conservation.

Our project is based in the Medike Nature Reserve within the Soutpansberg Mountain Range, an area recognized nationally as a centre of endemism and biodiversity. The mountains fall within the Vhembe UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and form part of the North-Eastern Escarpment Bio-region, an area highlighted by the South African National Biodiversity Institute as a priority for conservation research. Our study is addressing this need and we work in close collaboration with the Endangered Wildlife Trust.

• Primate Behaviour and Ecology
• Predator-Prey Interactions
• Felid Behaviour and Ecology
• Conservation and Human-Wildlife Conflict

Chapter in book

• Reflections on 'Babooning'
  
  Hill, R. (2020). Reflections on ’Babooning’. In T. Burt & D. Thompson (Eds.), Curious about nature : a passion for fieldwork. (pp. 218-222). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108552172.028
• From 150 to 3 Dunbar’s numbers
  
  Hill, R. (2019). From 150 to 3 Dunbar’s numbers. In D. Shankland (Ed.), Dunbar’s number. Sean Kingston Publishing.
• Dunbar, R.I.M. (Robin Ian MacDonald)
  
  Hill, R. (2017). Dunbar, R.I.M. (Robin Ian MacDonald). In A. Fuentes (Ed.), The international encyclopaedia of primatology.. John Wiley and Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119179313.wbprim0348
• Risk-taking in samango monkeys in relation to human observers at two sites in South Africa
  
  Nowak, K., Hill, R., Wimberger, K., & le Roux, A. (2016). Risk-taking in samango monkeys in relation to human observers at two sites in South Africa. In M. Waller (Ed.), Ethnoprimatology: Primate Conservation in the 21st Century (pp. 301-314). Springer Verlag.
• Color in achievement contexts in humans
  
  Maier, M., Hill, R., Elliot, A., & Barton, R. (2015). Color in achievement contexts in humans. In A. Elliot, M. Fairchild, & A. Franklin (Eds.), Handbook of color psychology. (pp. 568-584). Cambridge University Press.
• An agent-based model of group decision-making in baboons
  
  Hill, R., Sellers, W., Logan, B., & Zapala, J. (2012). An agent-based model of group decision-making in baboons. In A. Seth, T. Prescott, & J. Bryson (Eds.), Modelling Natural Action Selection (pp. 454-476). Cambridge University Press.
• Evolutionary approaches to sport
  
  Wiedemann, D., Barton, R., & Hill, R. (2012). Evolutionary approaches to sport. In S. Roberts (Ed.), Applied Evolutionary Psychology (pp. 290-307). Oxford University Press.
• Nonhuman primate approaches to landscapes
  
  Hill, R. (2008). Nonhuman primate approaches to landscapes. In B. David & J. Thomas (Eds.), Handbook of Landscape Archaeology (pp. 95-101). Left Coast Press.
• Predation risk and habitat use in chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus)
  
  Hill, R., & Weingrill, T. (2007). Predation risk and habitat use in chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus). In S. Gursky & K. Nekaris (Eds.), Primates Anti-Predator Strategies (pp. 339-354). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
• Biorealistic simulation of baboon foraging using agent-based modelling
  
  Sellers, W., Hill, R., & Logan, B. (2005). Biorealistic simulation of baboon foraging using agent-based modelling. In J. Bryson, T. Prescott, & A. Seth (Eds.), Modelling natural action selection: Proceedings of an international workshop (pp. 127-134). AISB Press.
• Day length seasonality and the thermal environment
  
  Hill, R. (2005). Day length seasonality and the thermal environment. In D. Brockman & C. van Schaik (Eds.), Primate seasonality: implications for human evolution (pp. 197-213). Cambridge University Press.
• Foraging female baboons exhibit similar patterns of antipredator vigilance across two populations
  
  Hill, R., & Cowlishaw, G. (2002). Foraging female baboons exhibit similar patterns of antipredator vigilance across two populations. In L. Miller (Ed.), Eat or be eaten: predator sensitive foraging among primates (pp. 187-204). Cambridge University Press.

Conference Paper

• Historical and conceptual foundations of diagrammatical ontology
  
  Øhrstrøm, P., Uckelman, S. L., & Schärfe, H. (2007). Historical and conceptual foundations of diagrammatical ontology. In S. Polovina, R. Hill, & U. Priss (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (pp. 374-386).

Journal Article

• Multi-species impacts of invasive Opuntia cacti on mammal habitat use
  
  Stewart, P. S., Hill, R. A., Oduor, A. M. O., Stephens, P. A., Whittingham, M. J., & Dawson, W. (in press). Multi-species impacts of invasive Opuntia cacti on mammal habitat use. Ecology Letters.
• Behavioural and physiological responses of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) to human-induced mortality in anthropogenically modified habitat
  
  Rahman, M. M., Hill, R., & MacLarnon, A. (in press). Behavioural and physiological responses of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) to human-induced mortality in anthropogenically modified habitat. People and Nature.
• Increasing citizen scientist accuracy with artificial intelligence on UK camera‐trap data
  
  Sharpe, C. R., Hill, R. A., Chappell, H. M., Green, S. E., Holden, K., Fergus, P., Chalmers, C., & Stephens, P. A. (2025). Increasing citizen scientist accuracy with artificial intelligence on UK camera‐trap data. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.70012
• Meta-analysis of the red advantage in combat sports
  
  Peperkoorn, L. S., Hill, R. A., Barton, R. A., & Pollet, T. V. (2024). Meta-analysis of the red advantage in combat sports. Scientific Reports, 14(1), Article 30822. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81373-3
• Keystone individuals – linking predator traits to community ecology
  
  LaBarge, L. R., Krofel, M., Allen, M. L., Hill, R., Welch, A. J., & Allan, A. T. L. (2024). Keystone individuals – linking predator traits to community ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 39(11), 983-994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2024.07.001
• Behavioural compatibility, not fear, best predicts the looking patterns of chacma baboons
  
  Allan, A. T. L., LaBarge, L., Bailey, A., Jones, B., Mason, Z., Pinfield, T., Schröder, F., Whitaker, A., White, A., Wilkinson, H., & Hill, R. (2024). Behavioural compatibility, not fear, best predicts the looking patterns of chacma baboons. Communications Biology, 7(1), Article 980. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06657-w
• On-primate Cameras Reveal Undocumented Foraging Behaviour and Interspecies Interactions in Chacma Baboons ( Papio ursinus )
  
  Walton, B. J., Findlay, L. J., & Hill, R. A. (2024). On-primate Cameras Reveal Undocumented Foraging Behaviour and Interspecies Interactions in Chacma Baboons ( Papio ursinus ). International Journal of Primatology, 45(4), 882-886. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-024-00423-9
• Leopard density and determinants of space use in a farming landscape in South Africa
  
  McKaughan, J., Stephens, P., Lucas, C., Guichard-Kruger, N., Guichard-Kruger, F., & Hill, R. (2024). Leopard density and determinants of space use in a farming landscape in South Africa. Scientific Reports, 14(1), Article 10562. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-61013-6
• Tropical field stations yield high conservation return on investment
  
  Eppley, T. M., Reuter, K. E., Sefczek, T. M., Tinsman, J., Santini, L., Hoeks, S., Andriantsaralaza, S., Shanee, S., Di Fiore, A., Setchell, J. M., Strier, K. B., Abanyam, P. A., Mutalib, A. . H. A., Abwe, E., Chapman, C. A., Ahmed, T., Ancrenaz, M., Andriantsimanarilafy, R. R., Ang, A., … Mittermeier, R. A. (2024). Tropical field stations yield high conservation return on investment. Conservation Letters, 17(2), Article e13007. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13007
• Efficient data collection for camera trap‐based density estimation: A preliminary assessment
  
  Ternyik, B., McKaughan, J. E., Hill, R. A., & Stephens, P. A. (2024). Efficient data collection for camera trap‐based density estimation: A preliminary assessment. Ecological Solutions and Evidence, 5(1), Article e12300. https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12300
• Open plains are not a level playing field for hominid consonant‑like versus vowel‑like calls
  
  Gannon, C., Hill, R., & Lameira, A. R. (2023). Open plains are not a level playing field for hominid consonant‑like versus vowel‑like calls. Scientific Reports, 13(1), Article 21138. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48165-7
• Estimating mesocarnivore abundance on commercial farmland using distance sampling with camera traps
  
  McKaughan, J., Stephens, P., & Hill, R. (2023). Estimating mesocarnivore abundance on commercial farmland using distance sampling with camera traps. Ecological Solutions and Evidence., 4(2), Article e12229. https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12229
• Camera trapping with photos and videos: implications for ecology and citizen science
  
  Green, S. E., Stephens, P. A., Whittingham, M. J., & Hill, R. A. (2023). Camera trapping with photos and videos: implications for ecology and citizen science. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 9(2), 268-283. https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.309
• Model Selection in Occupancy Models: Inference versus Prediction
  
  Stewart, P. S., Stephens, P. A., Hill, R. A., Whittingham, M. J., & Dawson, W. (2023). Model Selection in Occupancy Models: Inference versus Prediction. Ecology, 104(3), Article e3942. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3942
• Patterns of predation and meat-eating by chacma baboons in an Afromontane environment
  
  Allan, A. T., LaBarge, L. R., Howlett, C., Bailey, A. L., Jones, B., Mason, Z., Pinfield, T., Schröder, F., Whitaker, A., White, A. F., Wilkinson, H., & Hill, R. A. (2023). Patterns of predation and meat-eating by chacma baboons in an Afromontane environment. Folia Primatologica, 94(1), 13-36. https://doi.org/10.1163/14219980-bja10004
• Large-scale mammal monitoring: the potential of a citizen science camera-trapping project in the United Kingdom
  
  Hsing, P.-Y., Hill, R., Smith, G., Bradley, S., Green, S., Kent, V., Mason, S., Rees, J., Whittingham, M., Cokill, J., scientists, M. citizen, & Stephens, P. (2022). Large-scale mammal monitoring: the potential of a citizen science camera-trapping project in the United Kingdom. Ecological Solutions and Evidence., 3(4), Article e12180. https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12180
• Camera trap distance sampling for terrestrial mammal population monitoring: lessons learnt from a UK case study
  
  Mason, S., Hill, R., Whittingham, M., Cokill, J., Smith, G., & Stephens, P. (2022). Camera trap distance sampling for terrestrial mammal population monitoring: lessons learnt from a UK case study. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 8(5), 717-730. https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.272
• Cortisol metabolites vary with environmental conditions, predation risk, and human shields in a wild primate, Cercopithecus albogularis
  
  LaBarge, L. R., Allan, A. T., Berman, C. M., Hill, R. A., & Margulis, S. W. (2022). Cortisol metabolites vary with environmental conditions, predation risk, and human shields in a wild primate, Cercopithecus albogularis. Hormones and Behavior, 145, Article 105237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105237
• Estimates of carnivore densities in a human-dominated agricultural matrix in South Africa
  
  Faure, J. P. B., Swanepoel, L. H., Cilliers, D., Venter, J. A., & Hill, R. A. (2022). Estimates of carnivore densities in a human-dominated agricultural matrix in South Africa. Oryx -The International Journal of Conservation, 56(5), 774-781. https://doi.org/10.1017/s003060532100034x
• Camera traps and guard observations as an alternative to researcher observation for studying anthropogenic foraging
  
  Walton, B., Findlay., L., & Hill, R. (2022). Camera traps and guard observations as an alternative to researcher observation for studying anthropogenic foraging. Ecology and Evolution, 12(4), Article e8808. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8808
• Behavioral responses to spatial variation in perceived predation risk and resource availability in an arboreal primate
  
  Parker, E. J., Hill, R. A., & Koyama, N. F. (2022). Behavioral responses to spatial variation in perceived predation risk and resource availability in an arboreal primate. Ecosphere, 13(2), Article e3945. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3945
• Testing the Short-Term Effectiveness of Various Deterrents for Reducing Crop Foraging by Primates
  
  Findlay, L., Lucas, C., Walker, E., Evers, S., & Hill, R. (2022). Testing the Short-Term Effectiveness of Various Deterrents for Reducing Crop Foraging by Primates. African Journal of Wildlife Research, 52(1), 29-43. https://doi.org/10.3957/056.052.0029
• Intolerant baboons avoid observer proximity, creating biased inter-individual association patterns
  
  Allan, A., White, A., & Hill, R. (2022). Intolerant baboons avoid observer proximity, creating biased inter-individual association patterns. Scientific Reports, 12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12312-3
• Consistency in the flight and visual orientation distances of habituated chacma baboons after an observed leopard predation. Do flight initiation distance methods always measure perceived predation risk?
  
  Allan, A. T. L., Bailey, A. L., & Hill, R. A. (2021). Consistency in the flight and visual orientation distances of habituated chacma baboons after an observed leopard predation. Do flight initiation distance methods always measure perceived predation risk?. Ecology and Evolution, 11(21), 15404-15416. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8237
• Seasonal variation in the behavioural ecology of samango monkeys (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi) in a southern latitude montane environment
  
  Coleman, B., Setchell, J., & Hill, R. (2021). Seasonal variation in the behavioural ecology of samango monkeys (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi) in a southern latitude montane environment. Primates, 62(6), 1005-1018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-021-00939-1
• Definition and interpretation effects: How different vigilance definitions can produce varied results
  
  Allan, A., & Hill, R. (2021). Definition and interpretation effects: How different vigilance definitions can produce varied results. Animal Behaviour, 180, 197-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.08.019
• Habitat selection of an endangered primate, the samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi): integrating scales to prioritise habitat for wildlife management
  
  Parker, E., Koyama, N., & Hill, R. (2021). Habitat selection of an endangered primate, the samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi): integrating scales to prioritise habitat for wildlife management. Ecology and Evolution, 11(12), 8014-8026. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7631
• Utilising bycatch camera trap data for broad-scale occupancy and conservation: a case study on brown hyaena (Parahyaena brunnea)
  
  Williams, K., Pitman, R., Mann, G., Whittington-Jones, G., Comley, J., Williams, S., Hill, R., Balme, G., & Parker, D. (2021). Utilising bycatch camera trap data for broad-scale occupancy and conservation: a case study on brown hyaena (Parahyaena brunnea). Oryx -The International Journal of Conservation, 55(2), 216-226. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605319000747
• Insights into short‐ and long‐term crop‐foraging strategies in a chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) from GPS and accelerometer data
  
  Walton, B. J., Findlay, L. J., & Hill, R. A. (2021). Insights into short‐ and long‐term crop‐foraging strategies in a chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) from GPS and accelerometer data. Ecology and Evolution, 11(2), 990-1001. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7114
• Impacts of invasive plants on animal behaviour
  
  Stewart, P., Hill, R., Stephens, P., Whittingham, M., & Dawson, W. (2021). Impacts of invasive plants on animal behaviour. Ecology Letters, 24, 891-907. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13687
• Assumptions about fence permeability influence density estimates for brown hyaenas across South Africa
  
  Williams, K., Williams, S., Welch, R., Marneweck, C., Mann, G., Pitman, R., Whittington-Jones, G., Balme, G., Parker, D., & Hill, R. (2021). Assumptions about fence permeability influence density estimates for brown hyaenas across South Africa. Scientific Reports, 11, Article 620. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77188-7
• Extent of threat detection depends on predator type and behavioral context in wild samango monkey groups
  
  LaBarge, L. R., Allan, A. T. L., Berman, C. M., Hill, R. A., & Margulis, S. W. (2021). Extent of threat detection depends on predator type and behavioral context in wild samango monkey groups. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 75, Article 13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-020-02959-1
• Influence of food availability, plant productivity and indigenous forest use on ranging behavior of the endangered samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi), in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa
  
  Parker, E., Hill, R. A., Allan, A. T. L., Howlett, C., & Koyama, N. F. (2020). Influence of food availability, plant productivity and indigenous forest use on ranging behavior of the endangered samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi), in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa. Integrative Zoology, 15(5), 385-400. https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12438
• Assessing the role of a mammalian frugivorous species on seed germination potential depends on study design: A case study using wild samango monkeys
  
  Stringer, S., Hill, R., Swanepoel, L., Dalrymple, S., Linden, B., & Koyama, N. (2020). Assessing the role of a mammalian frugivorous species on seed germination potential depends on study design: A case study using wild samango monkeys. Acta Oecologica, 106, Article 103584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2020.103584
• Adapting methodology used on captive subjects for estimating gut passage time in wild monkeys
  
  Stringer, S. D., Hill, R. A., Swanepoel, L., & Koyama, N. F. (2020). Adapting methodology used on captive subjects for estimating gut passage time in wild monkeys. Folia Primatologica, 91(4), 417-432. https://doi.org/10.1159/000505369
• Habituation is not neutral or equal: Individual differences in tolerance suggest an overlooked personality trait
  
  Allan, A., Bailey, A., & Hill, R. (2020). Habituation is not neutral or equal: Individual differences in tolerance suggest an overlooked personality trait. Science Advances, 6(28), Article eaaz0870. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz0870
• Reactive and pre-emptive spatial cohesion in a social primate
  
  LaBarge, L., Allan, A., Berman, C., Margulis, S., & Hill, R. (2020). Reactive and pre-emptive spatial cohesion in a social primate. Animal Behaviour, 163, 115-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.03.005
• Illuminating Movement? Nocturnal Activity Patterns in Chacma Baboons
  
  Ayers, A. M., Allan, A. T. L., Howlett, C., Tordiffe, A. S. W., Williams, K. S., Williams, S. T., & Hill, R. A. (2020). Illuminating Movement? Nocturnal Activity Patterns in Chacma Baboons. Journal of Zoology, 310(4), 287-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12747
• Citizen scientists: school students conducting, contributing to and communicating ecological research – experiences of a school–university partnership
  
  Hsing, P.-Y., Coghill, L., Ryder, J., Austin, M., Dooley, S., Ellison, A., Fenwick, C., Garland, M., Humphrey, P., Proudlock, H., Robson, A., Steer, C., Turnbull, L., Kent, V., Bradley, S., Hill, R., Ascroft, R., & Stephens, P. (2020). Citizen scientists: school students conducting, contributing to and communicating ecological research – experiences of a school–university partnership. School Science Review, 101(376), 67-74.
• Anthropogenic influences on primate antipredator behavior and implications for research and conservation
  
  LaBarge, L. R., Hill, R. A., Berman, C. M., Margulis, S. W., & Allan, A. T. L. (2020). Anthropogenic influences on primate antipredator behavior and implications for research and conservation. American Journal of Primatology, 82(2), Article e23087. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23087
• Innovations in Camera Trapping Technology and Approaches: The Integration of Citizen Science and Artificial Intelligence
  
  Green, S., Rees, J., Stephens, P., Hill, R., & Giordano, A. (2020). Innovations in Camera Trapping Technology and Approaches: The Integration of Citizen Science and Artificial Intelligence. Animals, 10(1), Article 132. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10010132
• Baboon and vervet monkey crop-foraging behaviors on a commercial South African farm: Preliminary implications for damage mitigation
  
  Findlay, L., & Hill, R. (2020). Baboon and vervet monkey crop-foraging behaviors on a commercial South African farm: Preliminary implications for damage mitigation. Human-Wildlife Interactions, 14(3), 505-518. https://doi.org/10.26077/5dbc-b920
• Field guarding as a crop protection method: Preliminary implications for improving field guarding
  
  Findlay, L., & Hill, R. (2020). Field guarding as a crop protection method: Preliminary implications for improving field guarding. Human-Wildlife Interactions, 14(3), Article 20.
• Topological spatial representation in wild chacma baboons (Papio ursinus)
  
  de Raad, A., & Hill, R. (2019). Topological spatial representation in wild chacma baboons (Papio ursinus). Animal Cognition, 22(3), 397-412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-019-01253-6
• First records of Hyalomma rufipes and Ixodes neitzi (Acari: Ixodidae) found on large carnivores in South Africa
  
  Baauw, A. H., Heyne, H., Williams, K. S., Hill, R. A., Heitkönig, I. M., & Williams, S. T. (2019). First records of Hyalomma rufipes and Ixodes neitzi (Acari: Ixodidae) found on large carnivores in South Africa. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 10(1), 128-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.08.011
• Brown Hyaena (Parahyaena brunnea) diet composition from Zingela Game Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa
  
  Faure, J., Holmes, N., Watson, L., & Hill, R. (2019). Brown Hyaena (Parahyaena brunnea) diet composition from Zingela Game Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa. African Zoology, 54(2), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2019.1600430
• Economical crowdsourcing for camera trap image classification
  
  Hsing, P.-Y., Bradley, S., Kent, V., Hill, R., Smith, G., Whittingham, M., Cokill, J., Crawley, D., Volunteers, M., & Stephens, P. (2018). Economical crowdsourcing for camera trap image classification. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 4(4), 361-374. https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.84
• Brown hyaena and leopard diets on private land in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa
  
  Williams, K., Williams, S., Fitzgerald, L., Sheppard, E., & Hill, R. (2018). Brown hyaena and leopard diets on private land in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa. African Journal of Ecology, 56(4), 1021-1027. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12539
• What have we been looking at? A call for consistency in studies of primate vigilance
  
  Allan, A., & Hill, R. (2018). What have we been looking at? A call for consistency in studies of primate vigilance. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 165(S65), 4-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23381
• Cats, connectivity and conservation: incorporating datasets and integrating scales for wildlife management
  
  Pitman, R., Fattebert, J., Williams, S., Williams, K., Hill, R., Hunter, L., Robinson, H., Power, J., Swanepoel, L., Slotow, R., & Balme, G. (2017). Cats, connectivity and conservation: incorporating datasets and integrating scales for wildlife management. Journal of Applied Ecology, 54(6), 1687-1698. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12851
• Can zoo enclosures inform exclosure design for crop-raiding primates? A preliminary assessment
  
  Howlett, C., & Hill, R. (2017). Can zoo enclosures inform exclosure design for crop-raiding primates? A preliminary assessment. African Journal of Ecology, 55(4), 727-730. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12372
• African wolf diet, predation on livestock and conflict in the Guassa Mountains of Ethiopia
  
  Atickem, A., Simeneh, G., Bekele, A., Mekonnen, T., Sillero-Zubiri, C., Hill, R., & Stenseth, N. (2017). African wolf diet, predation on livestock and conflict in the Guassa Mountains of Ethiopia. African Journal of Ecology, 55(4), 632-639. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12399
• Leopard diets and landowner perceptions of human wildlife conflict in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa
  
  Chase Grey, J., Bell, S., & Hill, R. (2017). Leopard diets and landowner perceptions of human wildlife conflict in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa. Journal for Nature Conservation, 37, 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2017.03.002
• Population dynamics and threats to an apex predator outside protected areas: Implications for carnivore management
  
  Williams, S., William, K., Lewis, B., & Hill, R. (2017). Population dynamics and threats to an apex predator outside protected areas: Implications for carnivore management. Royal Society Open Science, 4(4), Article 161090. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161090
• Samango monkeys (Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus) manage risk in a highly seasonal, human-modified landscape in Amathole Mountains, South Africa
  
  Nowak, K., Wimberger, K., Richards, S., Hill, R., & le Roux, A. (2017). Samango monkeys (Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus) manage risk in a highly seasonal, human-modified landscape in Amathole Mountains, South Africa. International Journal of Primatology, 38(2), 194-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-016-9913-1
• Reliance on exotic plants by two groups of threatened samango monkeys, Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus, at their southern range limit
  
  Wimberger, K., Nowak, K., & Hill, R. (2017). Reliance on exotic plants by two groups of threatened samango monkeys, Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus, at their southern range limit. International Journal of Primatology, 38(2), 151-171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-016-9949-2
• The influence of live-capture on the risk perceptions of habituated samango monkeys
  
  Nowak, K., Richards, S., le Roux, A., & Hill, R. (2016). The influence of live-capture on the risk perceptions of habituated samango monkeys. Journal of Mammalogy, 97(5), 1461-1468. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw083
• The conservation costs of game ranching
  
  Pitman, R., Fattebert, J., Williams, S., Williams, K., Hill, R., Hunter, L., Slotow, R., & Balme, G. (2016). The conservation costs of game ranching. Conservation Letters, 10(4), 402-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12276
• The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe
  
  Williams, S., Williams, K., Joubert, C., & Hill, R. (2016). The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe. PeerJ, 4, Article e1537. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1537
• The impacts, characterisation and management of human-leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South Africa
  
  Constant, N., Bell, S., & Hill, R. (2015). The impacts, characterisation and management of human-leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South Africa. Biodiversity and Conservation, 24(12), 2967-2989. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-0989-2
• Red clothing increases perceived dominance, aggression and anger
  
  Wiedemann, D., Burt, D., Hill, R., & Barton, R. (2015). Red clothing increases perceived dominance, aggression and anger. Biology Letters, 11(5), Article 20150166. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0166
• The 2D:4D digit ratio and social behaviour in wild female chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) in relation to dominance, aggression, interest in infants, affiliation and heritability
  
  Howlett, C., Setchell, J., Hill, R., & Barton, R. (2015). The 2D:4D digit ratio and social behaviour in wild female chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) in relation to dominance, aggression, interest in infants, affiliation and heritability. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 69(1), 61-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-014-1817-5
• Biogeographic Variation in the Diet and Behaviour of Cercopithecus mitis
  
  Coleman, B., & Hill, R. (2014). Biogeographic Variation in the Diet and Behaviour of Cercopithecus mitis. Folia Primatologica, 85(5), 319-334. https://doi.org/10.1159/000368895
• Human observers impact habituated samango monkeys’ perceived landscape of fear
  
  Nowak, K., le Roux, A., Richards, S., Scheijen, C., & Hill, R. (2014). Human observers impact habituated samango monkeys’ perceived landscape of fear. Behavioral Ecology, 25(5), 1199-1204. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/aru110
• A comparison of heterosexual and homosexual mating preferences in personal advertisements
  
  Lawson, J., James, C., Jannson, A.-U., Koyama, N., & Hill, R. (2014). A comparison of heterosexual and homosexual mating preferences in personal advertisements. Evolution and Human Behavior, 35(5), 408-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.05.006
• Living in a landscape of fear: the impact of predation, resource availability and habitat structure on primate range use
  
  Coleman, B., & Hill, R. (2014). Living in a landscape of fear: the impact of predation, resource availability and habitat structure on primate range use. Animal Behaviour, 88, 165-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.11.027
• Evidence of a high density population of harvested leopards in a montane environment
  
  Chase Grey, J., Kent, V., & Hill, R. (2013). Evidence of a high density population of harvested leopards in a montane environment. PLoS ONE, 8(12), Article e82832. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082832
• The importance of farmland for the conservation of the brown hyaena Parahyaena brunnea
  
  Kent, V., & Hill, R. (2013). The importance of farmland for the conservation of the brown hyaena Parahyaena brunnea. Oryx -The International Journal of Conservation, 47(03), 431-440. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312001007
• Resolving management conflicts: could agricultural land provide the answer for an endangered species in a habitat classified as a World Heritage Site?
  
  Smith, R., Ryan, E., Morley, E., & Hill, R. (2011). Resolving management conflicts: could agricultural land provide the answer for an endangered species in a habitat classified as a World Heritage Site?. Environmental Conservation, 38(3), 325-333. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892911000105
• Is isolation the major genetic concern for endangered equids?
  
  Hill, R. (2009). Is isolation the major genetic concern for endangered equids?. Animal Conservation, 12(6), 518-519. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00332.x
• Remotely sensed productivity, home range selection and local range use by an omnivorous primate
  
  Willems, E., Barton, R., & Hill, R. (2009). Remotely sensed productivity, home range selection and local range use by an omnivorous primate. Behavioral Ecology, 20(5), 985-992. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arp087
• Predator-specific landscapes of fear and resource distribution: effects on spatial range use.
  
  Willems, E., & Hill, R. (2009). Predator-specific landscapes of fear and resource distribution: effects on spatial range use. Ecology, 90(2). https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0765.1
• A critical assessment of two species distribution models: a case study of the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops).
  
  Willems, E., & Hill, R. (2009). A critical assessment of two species distribution models: a case study of the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops). Journal of Biogeography, 36(12), 2300-2312. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02166.x
• Red shirt colour is associated with long-term team success in English football.
  
  Atrill, M., Gresty, K., Hill, R., & Barton, R. (2008). Red shirt colour is associated with long-term team success in English football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(6), 577-582. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410701736244
• Monitoring and management of the endangered Cape mountain zebra Equus zebra zebra in the Western Cape, South Africa.
  
  Smith, R., Marais, A., Chadwick, P., Lloyd, P., & Hill, R. (2008). Monitoring and management of the endangered Cape mountain zebra Equus zebra zebra in the Western Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Ecology, 46(2), 207-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00893.x
• Network scaling reveals consistent fractal pattern in hierarchical mammalian societies
  
  Hill, R., Bentley, R., & Dunbar, R. (2008). Network scaling reveals consistent fractal pattern in hierarchical mammalian societies. Biology Letters, 4(6), 748-751. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0393
• Simulating group decision making in baboons using agent-based modelling.
  
  Sellers, W., Hill, R., & Logan, B. (2007). Simulating group decision making in baboons using agent-based modelling. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 362, 1699-1710. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2064
• Attribution to red suggests special role in dominance signalling.
  
  Little, A., & Hill, R. (2007). Attribution to red suggests special role in dominance signalling. Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, 5, 87-94.
• Thermal constraints on activity scheduling and habitat choice in baboons
  
  Hill, R. (2006). Thermal constraints on activity scheduling and habitat choice in baboons. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 129(2), 242-249. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20264
• Why be diurnal? Or, why not be cathemeral?
  
  Hill, R. (2006). Why be diurnal? Or, why not be cathemeral?. Folia Primatologica, 77, 72-86.
• Red enhances human performance in contests
  
  Hill, R., & Barton, R. (2005). Red enhances human performance in contests. Nature, 435(7040). https://doi.org/10.1038/435293a
• Discrete hierarchical organization of social group sizes
  
  Zhou, W., Sornette, D., Hill, R., & Dunbar, R. (2005). Discrete hierarchical organization of social group sizes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 272(1561), 439-444. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.2970
• Female sexual advertisement reflects resource availability in 20th Century UK society
  
  Hill, R., Donovan, S., & Koyama, N. (2005). Female sexual advertisement reflects resource availability in 20th Century UK society. Human Nature, 16, 266-277.
• Sporting contests: Seeing red? Putting sportswear in context (reply)
  
  Barton, R., & Hill, R. (2005). Sporting contests: Seeing red? Putting sportswear in context (reply). Nature, 437, E10-E11.
• Day length variation and seasonal analyses of behaviour
  
  Hill, R., Barrett, L., Gaynor, D., Weingrill, T., Dixon, P., Payne, H., & Henzi, S. (2004). Day length variation and seasonal analyses of behaviour. South African Journal of Wildlife Research, 34, 39-44.
• Self-reported mate preferences and 'femimst' attitudes regarding marital relations
  
  Koyama, N., McGain, A., & Hill, R. (2004). Self-reported mate preferences and ’femimst’ attitudes regarding marital relations. Evolution and Human Behavior, 25(5), 327-335.
• Indices of environmental temperatures for primates in open habitats
  
  Hill, R., Weingrill, T., Barrett, L., & Henzi, S. (2004). Indices of environmental temperatures for primates in open habitats. Primates, 45, 7-13.
• Clinal variation of maxillary sinus volume in Japanese macaques (_Macaca fuscata_)
  
  Rae, T., Hill, R., Hamada, Y., & Koppe, T. (2003). Clinal variation of maxillary sinus volume in Japanese macaques (_Macaca fuscata_). American Journal of Primatology, 59(4), 153-158. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.10072
• Day length, latitude and behavioural (in)flexibility in baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus)
  
  Hill, R., Barrett, L., Gaynor, D., Weingrill, T., Dixon, P., Payne, H., & Henzi, S. (2003). Day length, latitude and behavioural (in)flexibility in baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 53(5), 278-286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-003-0590-7
• Effect of resource competition on the long-term allocation of grooming by female baboons: evaluating Seyfarth's model
  
  Henzi, S., Barrett, L., Gaynor, D., Greeff, J., Weingrill, T., & Hill, R. (2003). Effect of resource competition on the long-term allocation of grooming by female baboons: evaluating Seyfarth’s model. Animal Behaviour, 66(5), 931-938. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2003.2244
• Male consortship behaviour in chacma baboons: The role of demographic factors and female conceptive probabilities
  
  Weingrill, T., Lycett, J., Barrett, L., Hill, R., & Henzi, S. (2003). Male consortship behaviour in chacma baboons: The role of demographic factors and female conceptive probabilities. Behaviour, 140, 405-427. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853903321826701
• Social network size in humans
  
  Hill, R., & Dunbar, R. (2003). Social network size in humans. Human Nature, 14(1), 53-72.
• Climatic determinants of diet and foraging behaviour in baboons
  
  Hill, R., & Dunbar, R. (2002). Climatic determinants of diet and foraging behaviour in baboons. Evolutionary Ecology, 16(6), 579-593.
• Ecological and social determinants of birth intervals in baboons
  
  Hill, R., Lycett, J., & Dunbar, R. (2000). Ecological and social determinants of birth intervals in baboons. Behavioral Ecology, 11(5), 560-564.
• Female baboons do not raise the stakes but they give as good as they get
  
  Barrett, L., Henzi, S., Weingrill, T., Lycett, J., & Hill, R. (2000). Female baboons do not raise the stakes but they give as good as they get. Animal Behaviour, 59, 763-770. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1999.1361
• Ruths amid the alien corn: males and the translocation of female chacma baboons
  
  Henzi, S., Barrett, L., Weingrill, A., Dixon, P., & Hill, R. (2000). Ruths amid the alien corn: males and the translocation of female chacma baboons. South African Journal of Science, 96(2), 61-62.
• Size dependent tortoise predation by baboons at De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa
  
  Hill, R. (1999). Size dependent tortoise predation by baboons at De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 95(3), 123-124.
• An evaluation of the roles of predation rate and predation risk as selective pressures on primate grouping behaviour
  
  Hill, R., & Dunbar, R. (1998). An evaluation of the roles of predation rate and predation risk as selective pressures on primate grouping behaviour. Behaviour, 135, 411-430. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853998793066195
• Predation risk as an influence on group size in cercopithecoid primates: implications for social structure
  
  Hill, R., & Lee, P. (1998). Predation risk as an influence on group size in cercopithecoid primates: implications for social structure. Journal of Zoology, 245, 447-456.