Staff profile
Professor Robert Baxter
Professor
BSc Botany (HONS) (Manchester), PhD (Manchester)

Affiliation | Room number | Telephone |
---|---|---|
Professor in the Department of Biosciences | 208 | +44 (0) 191 33 41261 |
Biography
Prof. Baxter studied Botany at the University of Manchester (1982-85). Thereafter he undertook a PhD (1985-88)in Manchester ("Responses of the moss Sphagnum cuspidatum to acid deposition")under the supervision of JA Lee and MJ Emes.
Following his PhD training, Prof. Baxter spent 18 months working as a regional coordinator within the ACME (Applications of Computing to Manufacturing Engineering) Directorate of the then Science and Engineering Research Council.
In 1990 Dr Baxter joined the research groups of Prof. John Farrar (University of Wales, Bangor)and Prof. Trevor Ashenden (Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bangor Research Unit)as one of two postdoctoral fellowships awarded to the newly established joint University/CEH partnership in Bangor. Here Prof. Baxter studied the impacts of altered concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide and soil nutrient conditions upon photosynthetic metabolism and post-photosynthetic carbon partitioning in native upland and montane grassland species. During this period Prof. Baxter also worked in collaboration with CEH upon an EU-funded Framework 3 project ("An investigation of the effects of increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide and changing climate on natural and managed grassland communities in Europe using open-top and closed chambers"; Contract: EPOC-CT90-0022), coordinated by Prof. MB Jones, School of Botany, Trinity College, Dublin, Eire.
In 1993 Dr Baxter contininued his work in this field as a postdoctoral fellow at Trinity College, Dublin.
In 1994 Prof. Baxter was appointed as lecturer in Ecology in the then Department of Biological Sciences (now School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences)at the University of Durham. In 2002 he was promoted to a Senior Lectureship in Ecology, to Reader in 2015 and to Full Professor in 2021; a post he holds at the present time.
Research interests
- pollution ecology
- carbon partitioning in plants
- stress physiology in plants
- Montane plant ecology
- climate change and plant ecophysiology
- Arctic Plant Ecology
- Fire ecology
- Alpine plant ecology
- Arctic climate change
- Landscape ecology
- Carbon sequestration
- Snow-vegetation-atmosphere interactions
- Land-Atmosphere interactions
Research groups
Related Links
- ABACUS IPY
- CLASSIC (Climate and Land-Surface Systems Interaction Centre) home page (Co-Investigator)
- DART (Dynamics of the Arctic Tree Line) home page (Co-investigator)
- NCEO - National Centre for Earth Observation
- Project HYDRA
- STEPPS (Snow in Tundra Environments: Patterns, Processes and Scaling Issues) Home Page
Awarded Grants
- 2017: Wildlife disturbance-recovery dynamics in Southern Siberia(£226759.00 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
- 2012: Cold Region Carbon Cycling Coupling - The role of Hydrology in Permafrost Catchments(£85284.80 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
- 2008: METHANE MEASURMENT IN AN ARTIC MIRE(£62204.78 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
- 2008: NECO Theme 1: EO for Climate System diagnosis(£205144.80 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
- 2006: ABACUS(£191963.98 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
- 2005: Assess the impact on the South Gare and Coatham sa(£45985.00 from Corus)
- 2002: CLIMATE, SNOW AND HYDROLOGY IN TUNDRA ECOSYSTEMS(£183344.89 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
- 1999: SEASONAL PHOSPHORUS STATUS OF MOSSES(£36080.00 from NERC - Natural Environment Research Council)
Esteem Indicators
- 2020: Awarded Senior Fellowship of the Higher Education Academy:
- 2020: Elected to a Fellowship of the Royal Society of Biology:
- 2020: Invited co-authorship of a chapter in the book: 'The Natural History of Upper Weardale':
- 2020: Invited contribution: 'Arctic Ablaze' for the Word Wildlife Fund UK supporters magazine.:
- 2019: Invitation to Science community reception: Ambassador's Residence, Moscow, Russia:
- 2019: Invited panel member: Debate on exploration of the Arctic; Royal Institution, London.:
- 2019: Invited presentation: Moscow State University Dept. Geography:
- 2019: Scientific briefing of the Chief Scientist of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Ambassador's Residence, Moscow.:
- 2016: Invited participation in a debate at the Times Cheltenham Science Festival: Invited to paticipate in a debate on "The Arctic's Changing Landscape" June 12th 2016 at the Times Cheltenham Science Festival, UK. ;
- 2016: Invited Pubic Seminar, Dartmouth College, NH, USA, April 2016: Public seminar at the Institute of Arctic Studies, Dartmouth College, NH, USA.
- 2016: Invited Seminar, Centre for Northern Studies, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada. :
- 2016: Invited Seminar, Dept. Biology, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada. :
- 2016: Invited Seminar, Depts of Biology and Geography, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada. :
- 2016: Invited Seminar, Depts of Soil Science and Geography, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada:
- 2015: Appointment as External Examiner (Undergraduate Degrees in Biology and Environmental Biosciences, University of Aberystwyth) 2017-2018:
- 2015: Hosting of Senior Visiting Fellow: Jan to Mar: I hosted, in conjunction with the IAS, Professor Malcolm Hughes (Regents' Professor of Dendrochronology, The University of Arizona, USA) as a Durham International Senior Fellow, carrying out joint collaborative modelling work.
- 2015: Invited member of NERC Fellowship sift and interview panel for the 2015 closing date:
- 2014: Invited international expert evaluator for the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions 'Individual fellowships' (IF) ENV panel, 2014.:
- 2014: Invited international expert. EU, 2014 evaluation exercise “People”: Individual Marie Curie Actions (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IXF). ENV Panel – Intra European Fellowships, International Incoming Fellowships and International Outgoing Fellowship s:
- 2014: Invited international lecture, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Northern Sweden.:
- 2014: Invited international review expert for grants submitted under EUFAR (EUropean Facility for Airborne Research; http://www.eufar.net/), an 'Integrating Activity' funded by the European Commission under Framework Programme 5/FP6, and FP7. :
- 2014: Invited international reviewer for the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), Belgium. :
- 2014: Invited member of a European wide consortium in a bid to Framework 7: “NORSE (NOrthern Remote SEnsing)” (not funded:
- 2014: Invited member of the international virtual network “impacts of winter change on arctic and alpine ecosystems, including plant and soil responses, and consequences for biogeochemical cycling” (WINTERNet). :
- 2014: Invited member of the NERC Dec 2014 Standard and New Investigator Grants moderating panel, Swindon, Wilts.:
- 2014: Invited member of the NERC Large Grants Final Stage Panel Meeting 2013-14. :
- 2014: Invited member of the NERC Large Grants Outline Panel Meeting 2014-15. :
- 2014: Invited reviewer and review panel member for the Welsh National Research Network for Low Carbon Energy and the Environment:
- 2014: Invited to act as tutor at the Gatsby Plant Science Summer School, Easingwold, York. :
- 2014: Invited to join as a member of a European wide consortium in a bid to the Horizon 2020 Research Call: EO-1-2014: New ideas for Earth-relevant space applications: “New Northern Earth Observation Services (NEOS)”. :
- 2014: Invited to join the Review Panel - FP7 COFUND Marie Curie project – “Train to Move”, European Science Foundation, Strasbourg, France. :
- 2014: Participation in the international “Arctic Change 2014” conference, Ottawa, Canada, Dec 2014; including participation in the workshop “European-Canadian cooperation in the Arctic: the future”.:
- 2013: Invited associate participant in the international Marie Curie Network ITN consortium bid “Arctic winter processes and change” to the EU (not funded). :
- 2013: Invited international expert. EU, 2012 evaluation exercise “People Individual Marie Curie Actions (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IXF). ENV Panel - Intra European Fellowships, International Incoming Fellowships and International Outgoing Fellowship schemes.:
- 2013: Invited international reviewer for the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), 2013 research programme. :
- 2013: Invited member of the NERC Large Grants Outline Stage Panel Meeting 2013-14. :
- 2012: Appointed as international reviewer for the The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).:
- 2012: Appointed member of Durham University’s cross-faculty NERC liaison committee.:
- 2012: Invited chapter author (sole). “Developmental adaptation to cold environments” in: Temperature and Plant Development (Franklin, K.A. and Wigge, P.A. eds.) Publisher: Wiley.:
- 2012: Invited external examiner (PhD), Trinity College Dublin, Eire, April 16, 2012.:
- 2012: Invited external examiner (PhD), University of Helsinki, Finland. Candidate: Mr Robin Lundell.:
- 2012: Invited external examiner (PhD). Dept of Plant and Animal Sciences, University of Sheffield (Nov 2012).:
- 2012: Invited external examiner (PhD). Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University (Nov 2012).:
- 2012: Invited independent expert reviewer: Greek Ministry of Education Life-long Learning and Religious Affairs, Co-operation 2011 research programme.:
- 2012: Invited international expert reviewer, Greek Ministry for Education, LifeLong Learning and Religious Affairs, Cooperation 2011 programme (March 2012):
- 2012: Invited international expert. EU, 2012 evaluation exercise “People Individual Marie Curie Actions (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IXF). ENV Panel - IEF, IIF and IOF schemes, October 2012.:
- 2012: Invited international external examiner (PhD), Botany School, Trinity College Dublin, Eire (Ms Faye Carroll).:
- 2012: Re-appointment as Peer Review College Member, Natural Environment Research Council (2012 onwards; open-ended). :
- 2012: Re-ppointed to the NERC Peer Review College (July 2012 onwards).:
- 2011: Invited external examiner (PhD), University of Helsinki, Finland.:
- 2011: Invited external examiner (PhD), University of Sheffield, UK. Ms Eva Scholler (Viva: June 2011).:
- 2011: Invited international reviewer, Archimedes III research programme, phase 2, Greece. :
- 2011: Invited international reviewer: The Cyprus Research Promotion; evaluation of research proposals submitted under a national research-funding action entitled “Natural Environment”.:
- 2011: Invited participant: International Workshop “ Sustaining ecosystem service delivery in a changing world, 28th – 31st March 2011, Durham. :
- 2010: Invitation from Wiley/Blackwell to revise co-authored chapter with Prof. B Huntley for the new 2nd edition of Vegetation Ecology. Editors Eddy van der Maarel & Janet Frankli:
- 2010: Invitation to join the European Science Foundation Pool of Reviewers (2010-2011).:
- 2010: Invited as vice chair of the Natural Environment Research Council Antarctic Funding Initiative, Round 11, Moderating Panel, Swindon, Wilts. :
- 2010: Invited international reviewer (NOAA) US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association:
- 2010: Invited seminar speaker, Biology, University of York, UK :
- 2009: Invited as international review panel member for the 6th funding call of the Netherland’s Darwin Centre for Biogeosciences :
Media Contacts
Available for media contact about:
- Technology transfer: Plant Ecology
- General issues: Global Environmental Change
- Weather & climate: Climate Change (notably Arctic)
- The Earth: Plants: Climate change
- Ecosystems: Atmospheric Pollution
- Plant sciences: Atmospheric Pollution
- Environment: Atmospheric Pollution
- Pollution: Atmospheric Pollution
- Weather & climate: Atmospheric Pollution
- Geography: Atmospheric Pollution
- Environmental change: Atmospheric Pollution
- Landscape systems: Atmospheric Pollution
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences: Climate change in Arctic and alpine environments
- Ecosystems: Climate change in Arctic and alpine environments
- Plant sciences: Climate change in Arctic and alpine environments
- Environment: Climate change in Arctic and alpine environments
- Weather & climate: Climate change in Arctic and alpine environments
Publications
Chapter in book
- Burrell, A, Kukavskaya, E, Baxter, R, Sun, Q & Barrett, K (2021). Post-fire Recruitment Failure as a Driver of Forest to Non-forest Ecosystem Shifts in Boreal Regions. In Ecosystem Collapse and Climate Change. Canadell, JG & Jackson RB Springer. 241: 69-100.
- Baxter, R. (2014). Plant acclimation and adaptation to cold environments. In Temperature and Plant Development. Franklin, K. & Wigge, P. Wiley-Blackwell. 19-42.
- Huntley, B & Baxter, R (2012). Vegetation ecology and global change. In Vegetation Ecology. van der Maarel, E & Franklin, J Wiley-Blackwell. 509-525.
- B. Huntley & R. Baxter (2005). Vegetation ecology and global change. In Vegetation Ecology. Eddy van der Maarel Blackwell Science Ltd. 356-372.
- Barnsley MJ, Los SO, Luckman AJ, North PRJ Harding RJ, Taylor C, Huntley B, Baxter R, Thomas CJ, Baltzer H & Wyatt B (2003). The role of Earth observation in land-surface-climate feedback studies. In Geoinformation for European-wide Integration. Benes T Rotterdam: Millpress. 3-10.
- Huntley, B & Baxter, R (2003). Insights on Synergies: Models and Methods. In Climate Change and Biodiversity: Synergistic Impacts. Hannah, L & Lovejoy, TE Washington: CABS. 4: 15-23.
- Huntley, B, Baxter, R, Bradshaw, RHW, Cramer, W, Dean, AM, Eronen, M, Evans, SP, Hofgaard, A, Hulme, PE, Hytteborn, H, Molau, U, Oksanen, L, Olofsson, J, Saelthun, N-R, Seppa, H, Sjorgersten, S, Thomas, CJ, Venevski, S & Wookey, PA (2000). DART: Dynamic response of the forest-tundra ecotone to environmental change. In Terrestrial Ecosystem Research in Europe: Successes, challenges and policy. Sutton, MA, Moreno, JM, van der Putten, WH & Struwe, S Office for official publications of the European Communities. 162-165.
- Ekschmitt, K., Baxter, R., Campbell, C.D., Ceulemans, R., Gunther, K.P., Heal, O.W., Hector, A., Henning, F., Matouch, S., Molau, U., Nagy, P.I., Otte, A., Pausas, J.G., Pflug, A., Schröter, D., Sillence, G., Steiner, N.C., Wolters, V., Wookey, P.A., Struwe, S. & Kjoller, A. (2000). TERICA Working group 1: Ecosystem functioning and management under multiple stresses and extreme events. In Terrestrial ecosystem research in Europe: Successes, challenges and policy: Final conference of the terrestrial ecosystem research initiative, Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, 20 to 23 June 1999. Sutton, M.A., Moreno, J.M., van der Putten, W.H. & Struwe, S. Office for official publications of the European Communities. 28-34.
- Baxter, R, Evans, SP, Emmett, B, Harmens, H, Huntley, B, Kjoller, A, Milne, R, Mulder, J, O'Donnell, A, Schulze, ED, Struwe, S, Sutton, MA, Tipping, EW & Wookey, PA (2000). TERICA working group 5: European carbon budgets / Linking carbon and nitrogen cycles. In Terrestrial ecosystem research in Europe: Successes, challenges and policy. Sutton, MA, Moreno, JM, van der Putten, WH & Struwe, S Office for official publications of the European Communities. 54-64.
- Baxter, R, Daymond, A, Ashenden, TW & Farrar, JF (1993). Responses of montane pasture grasses to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. In Agriculture: Crop Adaptations to cool, wet climates, particularly temperature, light, water, variations and limitations. COST Action 814. Wilson, D, Thomas, H & Pithan, K Commission of the European Communities.
- Williams, ML, Jones, DG, Baxter, R & Farrar, JF (1992). The effect of enhanced concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide on leaf respiration. In Molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of plant respiration. Lambers, H Springer Verlag.
Journal Article
- Kater, Ilona & Baxter, Robert (2022). Abundance and accessibility of forage for reindeer in forests of Northern Sweden: Impacts of landscape and winter climate regime. Ecology and Evolution 12(4): e8820.
- Burrell, Arden L., Sun, Qiaoqi, Baxter, Robert, Kukavskaya, Elena A., Zhila, Sergey, Shestakova, Tatiana, Rogers, Brendan M., Kaduk, Jörg & Barrett, Kirsten (2022). Climate change, fire return intervals and the growing risk of permanent forest loss in boreal Eurasia. Science of The Total Environment 831: 154885.
- Sun, Qiaoqi, Burrell, Arden, Barrett, Kirsten, Kukavskya, Elena, Buryak, Ludmilla, Kaduk, Joerg & Baxter, Robert (2021). Climate variability may delay post-fire recovery of boreal forest in southern Siberia, Russia. Remote Sensing 13(12): 2247.
- Poyatos, Rafael, Granda, Víctor, Flo, Víctor, Adams, Mark A., Adorján, Balázs, Aguadé, David, Aidar, Marcos P. M., Allen, Scott, Alvarado-Barrientos, M. Susana, Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Aparecido, Luiza Maria, Arain, M. Altaf, Aranda, Ismael, Asbjornsen, Heidi, Baxter, Robert, Beamesderfer, Eric, Berry, Z. Carter, Berveiller, Daniel, Blakely, Bethany, Boggs, Johnny, Bohrer, Gil, Bolstad, Paul V., Bonal, Damien, Bracho, Rosvel, Brito, Patricia, Brodeur, Jason, Casanoves, Fernando, Chave, Jérôme, Chen, Hui, Cisneros, Cesar, Clark, Kenneth, Cremonese, Edoardo, Dang, Hongzhong, David, Jorge S., David, Teresa S., Delpierre, Nicolas, Desai, Ankur R., Do, Frederic C., Dohnal, Michal, Domec, Jean-Christophe, Dzikiti, Sebinasi, Edgar, Colin, Eichstaedt, Rebekka, El-Madany, Tarek S., Elbers, Jan, Eller, Cleiton B., Euskirchen, Eugénie S., Ewers, Brent, Fonti, Patrick, Forner, Alicia, Forrester, David I., Freitas, Helber C., Galvagno, Marta, Garcia-Tejera, Omar, Ghimire, Chandra Prasad, Gimeno, Teresa E., Grace, John, Granier, André, Griebel, Anne, Guangyu, Yan, Gush, Mark B., Hanson, Paul J., Hasselquist, Niles J., Heinrich, Ingo, Hernandez-Santana, Virginia, Herrmann, Valentine, Hölttä, Teemu, Holwerda, Friso, Irvine, James, Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya, Supat, Jarvis, Paul G., Jochheim, Hubert, Joly, Carlos A., Kaplick, Julia, Kim, Hyun Seok, Klemedtsson, Leif, Kropp, Heather, Lagergren, Fredrik, Lane, Patrick, Lang, Petra, Lapenas, Andrei, Lechuga, Víctor, Lee, Minsu, Leuschner, Christoph, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Linares, Juan Carlos, Linderson, Maj-Lena, Lindroth, Anders, Llorens, Pilar, López-Bernal, Álvaro, Loranty, Michael M., Lüttschwager, Dietmar, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, Maréchaux, Isabelle, Martin, Timothy A., Matheny, Ashley, McDowell, Nate, McMahon, Sean, Meir, Patrick, Mészáros, Ilona, Migliavacca, Mirco, Mitchell, Patrick, Mölder, Meelis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Moore, Georgianne W., Nakada, Ryogo, Niu, Furong, Nolan, Rachael H., Norby, Richard, Novick, Kimberly, Oberhuber, Walter, Obojes, Nikolaus, Oishi, A. Christopher, Oliveira, Rafael S., Oren, Ram, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Paljakka, Teemu, Perez-Priego, Oscar, Peri, Pablo L., Peters, Richard L., Pfautsch, Sebastian, Pockman, William T., Preisler, Yakir, Rascher, Katherine, Robinson, George, Rocha, Humberto, Rocheteau, Alain, Röll, Alexander, Rosado, Bruno H. P., Rowland, Lucy, Rubtsov, Alexey V., Sabaté, Santiago, Salmon, Yann, Salomón, Roberto L., Sánchez-Costa, Elisenda, Schäfer, Karina V. R., Schuldt, Bernhard, Shashkin, Alexandr, Stahl, Clément, Stojanović, Marko, Suárez, Juan Carlos, Sun, Ge, Szatniewska, Justyna, Tatarinov, Fyodor, Tesař, Miroslav, Thomas, Frank M., Tor-ngern, Pantana, Urban, Josef, Valladares, Fernando, van der Tol, Christiaan, van Meerveld, Ilja, Varlagin, Andrej, Voigt, Holm, Warren, Jeffrey, Werner, Christiane, Werner, Willy, Wieser, Gerhard, Wingate, Lisa, Wullschleger, Stan, Yi, Koong, Zweifel, Roman, Steppe, Kathy, Mencuccini, Maurizio & Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi (2021). Global transpiration data from sap flow measurements: the SAPFLUXNET database. Earth System Science Data 13(6): 2607-2649.
- Street, LE, Garnett, MH, Subke, J-A, Baxter, R, Dean, JF & Wookey, PA (2020). Plant carbon allocation drives turnover of old soil organic matter in permafrost tundra soils. Global Change Biology 26(8): 4559-4571.
- Sabater, AM, Ward, HC, Hill, TC, Gornall, G, Wade, TJ, Evans, JG, Prieto-Blanco, A, Disney, M, Phoenix, GK, Williams, M, Huntley, B, Baxter, R, Mencuccini, M & Poyatos, R (2020). Transpiration from subarctic deciduous woodlands: environmental controls and contribution to ecosystem evapotranspiration. Ecohydrology 13(3): e2190.
- Barrett, Kirsten, Baxter, Robert, Kukavskaya, Elena, Balzter, Heiko, Shvetsov, Evgeny & Buryak, Ludmila (2020). Postfire recruitment failure in Scots pine forests of southern Siberia. Remote Sensing of Environment 237: 111539.
- Street, Lorna E, Subke, Jens-Arne, Baxter, Robert, Dinsmore, Kerry J., Knoblauch, Christian & Wookey, Philip A. (2018). Ecosystem carbon dynamics differ between tundra shrub types in the western Canadian Arctic. Environmental Research Letters 13(8): 084014.
- Dean, J. F., van der Velde, Y., Garnett, M. H., Dinsmore, K. J., Baxter, R., Lessels, J. S., Smith, P., Street, L. E., Subke, J.-A., Tetzlaff, D., Washbourne, I., Wookey, P. A. & Billett, M. F. (2018). Abundant pre-industrial carbon detected in Canadian Arctic headwaters: implications for the permafrost carbon feedback. Environmental Research Letters 13(3): 034024.
- Street, L.E., Dean, J.F., Billet, M.F., Baxter, R., Dinsmore, K.J., Lessels, J.S., Subke, J.A., Tetzlaff, D. & Wookey, P.A. (2016). Redox dynamics in the active layer of an Arctic headwater catchment; examining the potential for transfer of dissolved methane from soils to stream water. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 121(11): 2776-2792.
- Dean, J.F., Billett, M.F., Baxter, R., Dinsmore, K.J., Lessels, J.S., Street, L.E., Subke, J.-A., Tetzlaff, D., Washbourne, I. & Wookey, P.A. (2016). Biogeochemistry of “pristine” freshwater stream and lake systems in the western Canadian Arctic. Biogeochemistry 130(3): 191-213.
- Hartley, I.P., Hill, T.C., Wade, T., Clement, R.J., Moncrieff, J.B., Prieto-Blanco, A., Disney, M.I., Huntley, B., Williams, M., Howden, N.J.K., Wookey, P.A. & Baxter, R. (2015). Quantifying landscape-level methane fluxes in subarctic Finland using a multi-scale approach. Global Change Biology 21(10): 3712-3725.
- Hancock, S., Essery, R., Reid, T., Carle, J., Baxter, R., Rutter, N. & Huntley, B. (2014). Characterising forest gap fraction with terrestrial lidar and photography: An examination of relative limitations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 189-190: 105-114.
- Hancock, S., Huntley, B., Ellis, R. & Baxter, R. (2014). Biases in Reanalysis Snowfall Found by Comparing the JULES Land Surface Model to GlobSnow. Journal of Climate 27(2): 624-632.
- Reid, T.D., Spencer, M., Huntley, B., Essery, R., Carle, J., Holden, R.D., Baxter, R. & Rutter, N. (2014). Spatial quantification of leafless canopy structure in a boreal birch forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 188: 1-12.
- Poyatos, R., Heinemeyer, A., Ineson, P., Evans, J.G., Ward, H.C., Huntley, B. & Baxter, R. (2014). Environmental and vegetation drivers of seasonal CO2 fluxes in a Sub-arctic forest–mire ecotone. Ecosystems 17(3): 377-393.
- Oakenfull, Rachael J., Baxter, Robert & Knight, Marc R. (2013). A C-Repeat Binding Factor Transcriptional Activator (CBF/DREB1) from European Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) Induces Freezing Tolerance When Expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS ONE 8(1): e54119.
- Heinemeyer, A., Gornall, J., Baxter, R., Huntley, B. & Ineson, P. (2013). Evaluating the carbon balance estimate from an automated ground-level flux chamber system in artificial grass mesocosms. Ecology and Evolution 3(15): 4998-5010.
- Hancock, S., Baxter, R., Evans, J. & Huntley, B. (2013). Evaluating global snow water equivalent products for testing land surface models. Remote Sensing of Environment 128: 107-117.
- Poyatos, R., Gornall, J., Mencuccini, M., Huntley, B. & Baxter, R. (2012). Seasonal controls on net branch CO2 assimilation in sub-Arctic Mountain Birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii (Orlova) Hamet-Ahti). Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 158-159: 90-100.
- Kaarlejärvi, E., Baxter, R., Hofgaard, A., Hytteborn, H., Khittun, O., Molau, U., Sjögersten, S., Wookey, P. & Olofsson, J. (2012). Effects of Warming on Shrub Abundance and Chemistry Drive Ecosystem-Level Changes in a Forest-Tundra Ecotone. Ecosystems 15(8): 1219-1233.
- B.J. Fletcher, J.L. Gornall, R. Poyatos, M.C. Press, P.C. Stoy, B. Huntley, R. Baxter & G.K. Phoenix (2012). Photosynthesis and productivity in heterogeneous arctic tundra: consequences for ecosystem function of mixing vegetation types at stand edges. Journal of Ecology 100(2): 441-451.
- Subke, J.-A., Heinemeyer, A., Vallack, H.W., Leronni, V., Baxter, R. & Ineson, P. (2012). Fast assimilate turnover revealed by in situ 13CO2 pulse labelling in Subarctic tundra. Polar Biology 35(8): 1209-1219.
- A. Heinemeyer, C. Di Bene, A.R. Lloyd, D. Tortorella, R. Baxter, B. Huntley, A. Gelsomino & P. Ineson (2011). Soil respiration: implications of the plant-soil continuum and respiration chamber collar-insertion depth on measurement and modelling of soil CO2 efflux rates in three ecosystems. European Journal of Soil Science 62(1): 82-94.
- J. Olofsson, L. Ericson, M. Torp, S. Stark & R. Baxter (2011). Carbon balance of Arctic tundra under increased snow cover mediated by a plant pathogen. Nature Climate Change 1(4): 220-223.
- Bennie, JJ, Wiltshire, AJ, Joyce, AN, Clark, D, Lloyd, AR, Adamson, J, Parr, T, Baxter, R & Huntley, B (2010). Characterising inter-annual variation in the spatial pattern of thermal microclimate in a UK upland using a combined empirical-physical model. Agricultural And Forest Meteorology 150(1): 12-19.
- Torp, M, Witzell, J, Baxter, R & Olofsson, J (2010). The Effect of Snow on Plant Chemistry and Invertebrate Herbivory: Experimental Manipulations Along a Natural Snow Gradient. Ecosystems 13(5): 741-751.
- Bennie, J, Kubin, E, Wiltshire, A, Huntley, B & Baxter, R (2010). Predicting spatial and temporal patterns of bud-burst and spring frost risk in north-west Europe: the implications of local adaptation to climate. Global Change Biology 16(5): 1503-1514.
- Torp, M, Olofsson, J, Witzell, J & Baxter, R (2010). Snow-induced changes in dwarf birch chemistry increase moth larval growth rate and level of herbivory. Polar Biology 33(5): 693-702.
- Fletcher, BJ, Press, MC, Baxter, R & Phoenix, GK (2010). Transition zones between vegetation patches in a heterogeneous Arctic landscape: how plant growth and photosynthesis change with abundance at small scales. Oecologia 163(1): 47-56.
- Essery, R., Rutter, N., Pomeroy, J., Baxter, R., Stähli, M., Gustafsson, D., Barr, A., Bartlett, P. & Elder, K. (2009). SnowMIP2: An evaluation of forest snow process simulations. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 90(8): 1120-1135.
- Stoy, PC, Williams, M, Disney, M, Prieto-Blanco, A, Huntley, B, Baxter, R & Lewis, P (2009). Upscaling as ecological information transfer: a simple framework with application to Arctic ecosystem carbon exchange. Landscape Ecology 24(7): 971-986.
- Campioli, M., Samson, R., Michelsen, A., Jonasson, S., Baxter, R. & Lemeur, R. (2009). Nonvascular contribution to ecosystem NPP in a subarctic heath during early and late growing season. Plant Ecology 202(1): 41-53.
- Bennie, J., Huntley, B., Wiltshire, A., Hill, M.O. & Baxter, R. (2008). Slope, aspect and climate: Spatially explicit and implicit models of topographic microclimate in chalk grassland. Ecological Modelling 216(1): 47-59.
- Fox, A.M., Huntley, B., Lloyd, C.R., Williams, M. & Baxter, R. (2008). Net ecosystem exchange over heterogeneous Arctic tundra: Scaling between chamber and eddy covariance measurements. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22(GB2027): 1-15.
- Davey, M.P., Harmens, H., Ashenden, T.W., Edwards, R. & Baxter, R. (2007). Species-specific effects of elevated CO2 on resource allocation in Plantago maritima and Armeria maritima. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 35(3): 121-129.
- Bennie, Jonathan, Hill, Mark O., Baxter, Robert & Huntley, Brian (2006). Influence of slope and aspect on long-term vegetation change in British chalk grasslands. Journal of Ecology 94(2): 355-368.
- Davey, Matthew P., Bryant, David N., Cummins, Ian, Ashenden, Trevor W., Gates, Phillip, Baxter, Robert & Edwards, Robert (2004). Effects of elevated CO2 on the vasculature and phenolic secondary metabolism of Plantago maritima. Phytochemistry 65(15): 2197-2204.
- Turner BL, Baxter R, Mahieu R, Sjorgersten S & Whitton BA (2004). Phosphorus compounds in sub-Arctic Fennoscandian soils at the mountain birch (Betula pubescens) – tundra ecotone. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 36: 815-823.
- Turner,BL, Chudek,JA, Whitton,BA & Baxter,R (2003). Phosphorus composition of upland soils polluted by long-term atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Biogeochemistry 65(2): 259-274.
- Turner BA, Baxter R & Whitton BA (2003). Nitrogen and phosphorus in soil solutions and drainage streams in Upper Teesdale, northern England: implications of organic compounds for biological nutrient limitation. Science of the Total Environment 314-316: 153-170.
- Pierce,S., Stirling,CM. & Baxter,R. (2003). Pseudoviviparous reproduction of Poa alpina var. vivipara L. (Poaceae) during long-term exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2. Annals of Botany 91(6): 613-622.
- Turner BL, Baxter R, Ellwood NTW & Whitton BA (2003). Seasonal phosphatase activities of mosses from Upper Teesdale, northern England. Journal of Bryology 25: 189-200.
- Turner BL, Baxter R & Whitton BA (2002). Seasonal phosphatase activity in three characteristic soils of the English uplands. Environmental Pollution 120: 313-317.
- Skre, O., Baxter, R., Crawford, R.R.M., Callaghan, TV. & Fedorokov, A. (2002). How will the tundra-taiga interface respond to climate change? AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 12: 37-46.
- Joyce,AN, Adamson,J, Huntley,B, Parr,T & Baxter,R (2001). Standardisation of temperature observed by automatic weather stations. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 68(2): 127-136.
- Hodkinson,ID, Bird,JM, Hill,JK & Baxter,R (2001). Host plant growth characteristics as determinants of abundance and phenology in jumping plant-lice on downy willow. Ecological Entomology 26(4): 376-387.
- Turner BL, Baxter R, Ellwood NTW & Whitton BA (2001). Characterisation of the phosphatase activities of mosses in relation to their environment. Plant, Cell and Environment 24: 1165-1176.
- Pierce, S., Stirling, C.M. & Baxter R. (2000). The influence of secondary senescence processes within the culm of a pseudoviviparous grass (Poa alpina var. vivipara L.) on the supply of water to propagules. Journal of Experimental Botany 51(347): 1067-1075.
- Pierce, S, Stirling, CM & Baxter R (2000). Architectural and physiological heterogeneity within the synflorescence of the pseudoviviparous grass Poa alpina var. vivipara L. Journal of Experimental Botany 51(351): 1705-1712.
- Baxter R. & Farrar, J.F. (1999). Export of carbon from leaf blades of Poa alpina L. at elevated CO2 and two nutrient regimes. Journal of Experimental Botany 50(336): 1215-1221.
- Huntley, B, Baxter, R, Lewthwaite, KJ, Willis, SG & Adamson, KJ (1998). Vegetation responses to local climate changes induced by a water-storage reservoir. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 7(4): 241-257.
- Croy, RRD, Baxter, R, Deakin, W, Edwards, R, Gatehouse, JAG, Gates, P, Harris, N, Johnson, SM & Raemekers R (1998). Blackspot bruising in potatoes: Structural and molecular to the identification of factors associated with tuber bruising susceptibility. Aspects of Applied Biology 45: 1-8.
- Tuba, Z., Jones, M.B., Szente, K., Nagy, Z., Garvey, L. & Baxter, R. (1998). Some ecophysiological and production responses of grasslends to long-term elevated CO2 under continental and atlantic climates. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 851: 241-250.
- Freeman, C, Baxter, R, Farrar, JF, Jones, SE, Plum, S, Ashenden, TW & Stirling, C (1998). Could competition between plants and microbes regulate plant nutrition and atmospheric CO2 concentrations? Science of The Total Environment 220(2-3): 181.
- Baxter R., Ashenden, T.W. & Farrar, J.F. (1997). Effect of elevated CO2 and nutrient status on growth, dry matter partitioning and nutrient content of Poa alpina var. vivipara L. Journal of Experimental Botany 48(312): 1477-1486.
- Poorter, H., van berkel, Y., Baxter, R., Den Hertog, J., Dijkstra, P., Gifford, R.M., Griffin, K.L., Roumet, C., Roy, J. & Wong, S.C. (1997). You have free access to this contentThe effect of elevated CO2 on the chemical composition and construction costs of leaves of 27 C3 species. Plant, Cell and Environment 20(4): 472-482.
- Jones, MB, Jongen, M, Garvey, L & Baxter, R (1996). The physiological responses of a European grassland species to elevated carbon dioxide. Aspects of applied biology 45: 155-161.
- Baxter, R, Bell, SA, Sparks, TH, Ashenden, TW & Farrar, JF (1995). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on three grass species from montane pasture III: Source leaf metabolism and whole plant carbon partitioning. Journal of Experimental Botany 46(8): 917-929.
- Baxter, R., Gantley, M., Ashenden, T.W. & Farrar, J.F. (1994). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on three grass species from montane pasture II: Nutrient allocation and efficiency of nutrient use. Journal of Experimental Botany 45(9): 1267-1278.
- Baxter, R, Ashenden, TW, Sparks, TH & Farrar, JF (1994). Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on three grass species from montane pasture I: Growth and dry matter partitioning. Journal of Experimental Botany 45(3): 305.
- Lee, J.A., Baxter, R. & Parsons, A.N. (1993). Sphagnum species and polluted environments, past and future. Advances in Bryology 5: 297-313.
- Ashenden, T.W., Baxter, R. & Rafarel, C.R. (1992). An inexpensive system for exposing plants in the field to elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide. Plant, Cell and Environment 15(3): 365-372.
- Baxter, R, Emes, MJ & Lee, JA (1992). Effects of an experimentally applied increase in ammonium on growth and amino acid metabolism of Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. (ex. Hoffm.). New Phytologist 120(2): 265.
- Baxter, R., Emes, M.J. & Lee, J.A. (1991). Short-term effects opf bisulphite on pollution-tolerant and pollution-sensitive populations of Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. (ex. Hoffm.). New Phytologist 118(3): 425-431.
- Baxter, R., Emes, M. J. & Lee, J. A. (1991). Transition metals and the ability of Sphagnum to withstand the phytotoxic effects of the bisulphite ion. New Phytologist 118(3): 433-439.
- Lee, JA, Baxter, R & Emes, MJ (1990). Responses of Sphagnum species to atmospheric nitrogen and sulphur deposition. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 104(1-3): 255.
- Baxter, R., Emes, M.J. & Lee, J.A. (1989). The relationship between extracellular metal accumulation and bisulphite tolerance in Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. (ex. Hoffm.). New Phytologist 111(3): 463-472.
- Baxter, R., Emes, M.J. & Lee, J.A. (1989). Effects of the bisulphite ion on growth and photosynthesis in Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. (ex. Hoffm.). New Phytologist 111(3): 457-462.