Staff profile

Tuomas Eerola is a Professor in Music Cognition at Durham University. He obtained his MA degree in musicology at the University of Jyväskylä (Finland) in 1997. His predoctoral work involved periods of study at Leicester University (UK) and Cornell University (USA). In 2003, he finished his PhD at the University of Jyväskylä in musicology (music cognition). In 2003-2006, he worked as postdoctoral researcher at the same institution, followed by a postdoctoral position at an EU project (Tuning the Brain for Music). Between 2007 and 2013, he held a professorship at the University of Jyväskylä (Finland), first associated with Music, Mind & Technology MA programme and later as a Chair of Musicology. Eerola was affiliated with the Finnish Centre of Excellence in Interdisciplinary Music Research. At Music Department at Durham University, he has served as the Director of Research (2013-2015, 2021-) and the Head of Department (2018-2020). Eerola has been the President of Finnish Musicological Society and serves on several editorial boards including the journals Psychology of Music and Music Perception. 

Research themes

Eerola's research combines empirical music research, music psychology, and music and science. The topics of interest are music and emotions, and how we perceive music, especially the central elements such as melody, timbre, rhythm, metre, and dissonance. He approaches these topics with empirical experiments and often uses computational models to articulate the theories. He champions open science in his work. 

Professor Eerola has led several major research projects, Sweet Sorrow funded by the Academy of Finland (2013-2017). He has been the co-investigator in Interpersonal Entrainment in Music Performance, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC, 2016-18), led by Martin Clayton and the other co-investigators being Antonio Camurri (Genoa) and Peter Keller (Sydney). He has also been involved in two funded research projects (EnTimeMent, funded by EU FET programme led by Antonio Camurri, and Social cohesion and resilience through intercultural music engagement, which is funded by Australian Research Council and led by Jane Davidson and Bill Thompson). 

To read more about music psychology at Durham, see Music & Science Lab and MA in Music Psychology at Durham. 

• Music and emotions
• Music and movement
• Music perception

Chapter in book

• Eerola, T., & Vuoskoski, J. K. (2021). Personality and Listeners. In W. F. Thompson, & K. Olsen (Eds.), The Science and Psychology of Music: From Beethoven at the Office to Beyoncé at the Gym (141-145). Bloomsbury Publishing
• Vuoskoski, J. K., & Eerola, T. (2021). Personality and Musicians. In W. F. Thompson, & K. Olsen (Eds.), The Science and Psychology of Music: From Mozart at the Office to Metallica at the Gym (145-150). Santa Barbara, CA, US: Greenwood
• Eerola, T. (2018). Music and Emotion. In R. Bader (Ed.), Springer handbook of systematic musicology (539-554). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55004-5_29
• Eerola, T. (2014). Complexity. In W. F. Thompson (Ed.), Music in the social and behavioral sciences : an encyclopedia (227-229). SAGE Publications
• Eerola, T. (2014). Database studies. In W. F. Thompson (Ed.), Music in the social and behavioral sciences : an encyclopedia (316-319). SAGE Publications
• Eerola, T. (2014). Similarity, Melodic. In W. F. Thompson (Ed.), Music in the social and behavioral sciences : an encyclopedia (1003-1006). SAGE Publications
• Eerola, T. (2014). Melody processing. In W. F. Thompson (Ed.), Music in the social and behavioral sciences : an encyclopedia (684-687). SAGE Publications
• Eerola, T., & Punkanen, M. (2012). King of Sorrow: Perception and experience of sadness in music. In E. J. Langley, & R. B. Knowles (Eds.), Psychology of Sadness (31 - 52). Nova
• Eerola, T. (2010). Musical taste and attitudes of a Finnish listener educated in humanities. In N. Schuler (Ed.), Musical listening habits of College students in Finland, Slovenia, South Africa, and Texas: Similarities and Differences (59 - 70). Peter Lang
• Zentner, M. R., & Eerola, T. (2010). Self-report measures and models. In P. Juslin, & J. Sloboda (Eds.), Handbook of Music and Emotion (187-221). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof%3Aoso/9780199230143.003.0008
• Erkkilä, J., & Eerola, T. (2001). Music therapy methods in the treatment of gambling addiction. In Proceedings of the European Conference of Music Therapy, Naples, Italy

Conference Paper

• Micallef Grimaud, A., Eerola, T., & Collins, N. (2019). EmoteControl: A System for Live-Manipulation of Emotional Cues in Music. In Proceedings of the 14th International Audio Mostly Conference: A Journey in Sound(AM’19). https://doi.org/10.1145/3356590.3356608

Journal Article

• Street, S., Eerola, T., & Kendal, J. The role of population size in folk tune complexity (preprint). https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2he8k. Manuscript submitted for publication
• Lahdelma, I., & Eerola, T. (2024). Valenced Priming with Acquired Affective Concepts in Music: Automatic Reactions to Common Tonal Chords. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 41(3), 161-175. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2024.41.3.161
• Eerola, T., & Clayton, M. (2024). onsetsync: An R Package for Onset SynchronyAnalysis. The Journal of Open Source Software, 9(93), Article 5395. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.05395
• Armitage, J., Lahdelma, I., Eerola, T., & Ambrazevičius, R. (2023). Culture influences conscious appraisal of, but not automatic aversion to, acoustically rough musical intervals. PLoS ONE, 18(12), Article e0294645. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294645
• Fuentes-Sánchez, N., Pastor, M., Eerola, T., & Pastor, R. (2023). Individual differences in music reward sensitivity influence the perception of emotions represented by music. Musicae Scientiae, 27(2), 313–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/10298649211060028
• Bannister, S., & Eerola, T. (2023). Vigilance and social chills with music: Evidence for two types of musical chills. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 17(2), 242-258. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000421
• Fuentes-Sánchez, N., Pastor, R., Eerola, T., Escrig, M. A., & Pastor, M. C. (2022). Musical preference but not familiarity influences subjective ratings and psychophysiological correlates of music-induced emotions. Personality and Individual Differences, 198, Article 111828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111828
• Eerola, T., & Lahdelma, I. (2022). Register Impacts Perceptual Consonance through Roughness and Sharpness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 29(3), 800-808. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-02033-5
• Lennie, T. M., & Eerola, T. (2022). The CODA Model: A Review and Skeptical Extension of the Constructionist Model of Emotional Episodes Induced by Music. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 82264. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.822264
• Lahdelma, I., Armitage, J., & Eerola, T. (2022). Affective priming with musical chords is influenced by pitch numerosity. Musicae Scientiae, 26(1), 208-217. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864920911127
• Armitage, J., & Eerola, T. (2022). Cross-modal Transfer of Valence or Arousal from Music to Word Targets in Affective Priming?. Auditory Perception & Cognition, 5, 192-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/25742442.2022.2087451
• Micallef Grimaud, A., & Eerola, T. (2022). An interactive approach to emotional expression through musical cues. Music & Science, 5, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/20592043211061745
• Street, S., Eerola, T., & Kendal, J. (2022). The role of population size in folk tune complexity. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9, Article 152. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01139-y
• Jakubowski, K., & Eerola, T. (2022). Music evokes fewer but more positive autobiographical memories than emotionally matched sound and word cues. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(2), 272-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.09.002
• Micallef Grimaud, A., & Eerola, T. (2022). Emotional expression through musical cues: A comparison of production and perception approaches. PLoS ONE, 17(12), Article e0279605. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279605
• Reybrouck, M., & Eerola, T. (2022). Musical Enjoyment and Reward: From Hedonic Pleasure to Eudaimonic Listening. Behavioral Sciences, 12(5), Article 154. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12050154
• Lahdelma, I., Eerola, T., & Armitage, J. (2022). Is Harmonicity a Misnomer for Cultural Familiarity in Consonance Preferences?. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 802385. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.802385
• Gómez, J., Cano, C., Eerola, T., Gomez, E., Herrera, P., Yang, Y., & Hu, X. (2021). Music Emotion Recognition: Toward new, robust standards in personalized and context-sensitive applications. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 38(6), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3106232
• Lahdelma, I., Athanasopoulos, G., & Eerola, T. (2021). Sweetness is in the ear of the beholder: chord preference across United Kingdom and Pakistani listeners. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1502(1), 72-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14655
• Eerola, T., Vuoskoski, J., Kautiainen, H., Peltola, H., Putkinen, V., & Schäfer, K. (2021). Being moved by listening to unfamiliar sad music induces reward-related hormonal changes in empathic listeners. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1502(1), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14660
• Fuentes-Sánchez, N., Pastor, R., Eerola, T., & Pastor, M. (2021). Spanish adaptation of a film music stimulus set (FMSS): Cultural and gender differences in the perception of emotions prompted by music excerpts. Psychology of Music, 49(5), 1242-1260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735620958464
• Micallef Grimaud, A., & Eerola, T. (2021). EmoteControl: An interactive system for real-time control of emotional expression in music. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 25(4), 677-689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-020-01390-7
• Jakubowski, K., Belfi, A., & Eerola, T. (2021). Phenomenological Differences in Music- and Television-Evoked Autobiographical Memories. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 38(5), 435-455. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2021.38.5.435
• Athanasopoulos, G., Eerola, T., Lahdelma, I., & Kaliakatsos-Papakostas, M. (2021). Harmonic organisation conveys both universal and culture-specific cues for emotional expression in music. PLoS ONE, 16(1), Article e0244964. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244964
• Eerola, T., Armitage, J., Lavan, N., & Knight, S. (2021). Online Data Collection in Auditory Perception and Cognition Research: Recruitment, Testing, Data Quality and Ethical Considerations. Auditory Perception & Cognition, 4(3-4), 251-280. https://doi.org/10.1080/25742442.2021.2007718
• Clayton, M., Tarsitani, S., Jankowsky, R., Jure, L., Leante, L., Polak, R., …Jakubowski, K. (2021). The Interpersonal Entrainment in Music Performance Data Collection. Empirical Musicology Review, 16(1), 65-84. https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v16i1.7555
• Eerola, T., & Lahdelma, I. (2021). The Anatomy of Consonance/Dissonance: Evaluating Acoustic and Cultural Predictors Across Multiple Datasets with Chords. Music & Science, 4, https://doi.org/10.1177/20592043211030471
• Armitage, J., Lahdelma, I., & Eerola, T. (2021). Automatic responses to musical intervals: Contrasts in acoustic roughness predict affective priming in Western listeners. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 150(1), Article 551. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0005623
• Clayton, M., Jakubowski, K., Eerola, T., Keller, P., Camurri, A., Volpe, G., & Alborno, P. (2020). Interpersonal entrainment in music performance: Theory, method and model. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 38(2), 136-194. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2020.38.2.136
• Fuentes-Sánchez, N., Pastor, R., Eerola, T., & Pastor, M. (2020). Spanish adaptation of a film music stimulus set (FMSS): Cultural and gender differences in the perception of emotions prompted by music excerpts. Psychology of Music, 49(5), 1242-1260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735620958464
• Schäfer, K., Saarikallio, S., & Eerola, T. (2020). Music may reduce loneliness and act as social surrogate for a friend: Evidence from an experimental listening study. Music & Science, 3, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/2059204320935709
• Schäfer, K., & Eerola, T. (2020). How listening to music and engagement with other media provide a sense of belonging: an exploratory study of social surrogacy. Psychology of Music, 48(2), 232-251. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735618795036
• Armitage, J., & Eerola, T. (2020). Reaction Time Data in Music Cognition: Comparison of Pilot Data From Lab, Crowdsourced, and Convenience Web Samples. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 2883. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02883
• Jakubowski, K., Eerola, T., Blackwood Ximenes, A., Ma, W., Clayton, M., & Keller, P. (2020). Multimodal perception of interpersonal synchrony: Evidence from global and continuous ratings of improvised musical duo performances. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind and Brain, 30(4), 159-177. https://doi.org/10.1037/pmu0000264
• Lahdelma, I., & Eerola, T. (2020). Cultural familiarity and musical expertise impact the pleasantness of consonance/dissonance but not its perceived tension. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 8693. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65615-8
• Lameira, A., Eerola, T., & Ravignani, A. (2019). Coupled whole-body rhythmic entrainment between two chimpanzees. Scientific Reports, 9, Article 18914. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55360-y
• Clayton, M., Jakubowski, K., & Eerola, T. (2019). Interpersonal entrainment in Indian instrumental music performance: Synchronization and movement coordination relate to tempo, dynamics, metrical and cadential structure. Musicae Scientiae, 23(3), 304-331. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864919844809
• Becker, S., Bräscher, A., Bannister, S., Bensafi, M., Calma-Birling, D., Chan, R., …Wang, Y. (2019). The role of hedonics in the Human Affectome. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 102, 221-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.003
• Maksimainen, J. P., Eerola, T., & Saarikallio, S. H. (2019). Ambivalent Emotional Experiences of Everyday Visual and Musical Objects. SAGE Open, 9(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019876319
• Küssner, M., & Eerola, T. (2019). The Content and Functions of Vivid and Soothing Visual Imagery during Music Listening: Findings from a Survey Study. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind and Brain, 29(2-3), 90-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/pmu0000238
• Küssner, M., Eerola, T., & Fujioka, T. (2019). Music, Emotion, and Visual Imagery: Where Are We now?. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind and Brain, 29(2-3), 59-61. https://doi.org/10.1037/pmu0000245
• Maksimainen, J., Wikgren, J., Eerola, T., & Saarikallio, S. (2018). The effect of memory in inducing pleasant emotions with musical and pictorial stimuli. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 17638. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35899-y
• Bannister, S., & Eerola, T. (2018). Suppressing the Chills: Effects of Musical Manipulation on the Chills Response. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, Article 2046. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02046
• Bonneville-Roussy, A., & Eerola, T. (2018). Age trends in musical preferences in adulthood: 3. Perceived musical attributes as intrinsic determinants of preferences. Musicae Scientiae, 22(3), 394-414. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864917718606
• Eerola, T., Vuoskoski, J., Peltola, H., Putkinen, V., & Schäfer, K. (2018). Towards a more explicit account of the transformation: Reply to comments on “An integrative review of the enjoyment of sadness associated with music”. Physics of Life Reviews, 25, 156-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2018.06.013
• Cespedes-Guevara, J., & Eerola, T. (2018). Music communicates affects, not basic emotions – A constructionist account of attribution of emotional meanings to music. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, Article 215. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00215
• Eerola, T., Jakubowski, K., Moran, N., Keller, P., & Clayton, M. (2018). Shared Periodic Performer Movements Coordinate Interactions in Duo Improvisations. Royal Society Open Science, 5(2), Article 171520. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171520
• Reybrouck, M., Eerola, T., & Podlipniak, P. (2018). Editorial: Music and the Functions of the Brain: Arousal, Emotions, and Pleasure. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, Article 113. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00113
• Hadley, L., Sturt, P., Eerola, T., & Pickering, M. (2018). Incremental comprehension of pitch relationships in written music: Evidence from eye movements. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(1), 211-219. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1307861
• Vuoskoski, J., & Eerola, T. (2017). Explaining the enjoyment of negative emotions evoked by the arts: The need to consider empathy and other underlying mechanisms of emotion induction. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 40, 42-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x1700187x
• Eerola, T., Vuoskoski, J., Peltola, H., Putkinen, V., & Schäfer, K. (2017). An Integrative Review of the Enjoyment of Sadness Associated with Music. Physics of Life Reviews, 25, 100-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2017.11.016
• Jakubowski, K., Eerola, T., Alborno, P., Volpe, G., Camurri, A., & Clayton, M. (2017). Extracting Coarse Body Movements from Video in Music Performance: A Comparison of Automated Computer Vision Techniques with Motion Capture Data. Frontiers in digital humanities, 4, Article 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2017.00009
• Garrido, S., Eerola, T., & McFerran, K. (2017). Group Rumination: Social Interactions Around Music in People with Depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 490. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00490
• Reybrouck, M., & Eerola, T. (2017). Music and Its Inductive Power: A Psychobiological and Evolutionary Approach to Musical Emotions. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 494. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00494
• Vuoskoski, J., & Eerola, T. (2017). The Pleasure Evoked by Sad Music Is Mediated by Feelings of Being Moved. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 439. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00439
• Eerola, T., & Pearce, M. (2017). Modelling historical audiences: What can be inferred?. Disiplinlerarası müzik araştırmaları dergisi, 8(1-2), 132-140
• Putkinen, V., Makkonen, T., & Eerola, T. (2017). Music-induced positive mood broadens the scope of auditory attention. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 12(7), 1159-1168. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsx038
• Pearce, M., & Eerola, T. (2017). Music perception in historical audiences: Towards predictive models of music perception in historical audiences. Disiplinlerarası müzik araştırmaları dergisi, 8(1-2), 91-120. https://doi.org/10.4407/jims.2016.12.004
• Eerola, T., Vuoskoski, J., & Kautiainen, H. (2016). Being Moved by Unfamiliar Sad Music Is Associated with High Empathy. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, Article 1176. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01176
• Eerola, T. (2016). Expectancy-Violation and Information-Theoretic Models of Melodic Complexity. Empirical Musicology Review, 11(1), 2-17. https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v11i1.4836
• Lahdelma, I., & Eerola, T. (2016). Mild dissonance preferred over consonance in single chord perception. i-Perception, 7(3), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041669516655812
• Eerola, T., & Peltola, H. (2016). Memorable Experiences with Sad Music—Reasons, Reactions and Mechanisms of Three Types of Experiences. PLoS ONE, 11(6), Article e0157444. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157444
• Saari, P., Fazekas, G., Eerola, T., Barthet, M., Lartillot, O., & Sandler, M. (2016). Genre-adaptive Semantic Computing and Audio-based Modelling for Music Mood Annotation. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 7(2), 122-135. https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2015.2462841
• Hausmann, M., Hodgetts, S., & Eerola, T. (2016). Music-induced changes in functional cerebral asymmetries. Brain and Cognition, 104, 58-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2016.03.001
• Peltola, H., & Eerola, T. (2016). Fifty Shades of Blue: Classification of music-evoked sadness. Musicae Scientiae, 20(1), 84-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864915611206
• Brattico, E., Bogert, B., Alluri, V., Tervaniemi, M., Eerola, T., & Jacobsen, T. (2016). It’s sad but I like it: The neural dissociation between musical emotions and liking in experts and laypersons. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, Article 676. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00676
• Lahdelma, I., & Eerola, T. (2016). Single chords convey distinct emotional qualities to both naïve and expert listeners. Psychology of Music, 44(1), 37-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735614552006
• Lahdelma, I., & Eerola, T. (2015). Theoretical proposals how vertical harmony may convey nostalgia and longing in music. Empirical Musicology Review, 10(3), 245-263
• Juslin, P., Barradas, G., & Eerola, T. (2015). From Sound to Significance: Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying Emotional Reactions to Music. American Journal of Psychology, 128(3), 281-304. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.128.3.0281
• Eerola, T., Peltola, H., & Vuoskoski, J. (2015). Attitudes toward sad music are related to both preferential and contextual strategies. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind and Brain, 25(2), 116-123. https://doi.org/10.1037/pmu0000096
• Saari, P., & Eerola, T. (2014). Semantic Computing of Moods Based on Tags in Social Media of Music. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 26(10), 2548-2560. https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2013.128
• Eerola, T., Friberg, A., & Bresin, R. (2013). Emotional Expression in Music: Contribution, Linearity, and Additivity of Primary Musical Cues. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, Article 487. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00487
• Eerola, P., & Eerola, T. (2013). Extended Music Education Enhances the Quality of School Life. Music Education Research, 16(1), 88-104. https://doi.org/10.1080/14613808.2013.829428
• Vuoskoski, J., & Eerola, T. (2013). Extra-musical information contributes to emotions induced by music. Psychology of Music, September, https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735613502373
• Juslin, P., Harmat, L., & Eerola, T. (2013). What Makes Music Emotionally Significant? Exploring the Underlying Mechanisms. Psychology of Music, 42(4), 599-623. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735613484548
• Eerola, T. (2013). Review of Strong experiences with music: Music is much more than just music
• Laukka, P., Eerola, T., Thingujam, N., Yamasaki, T., & Beller, G. (2013). Universal and Culture-Specific Factors in the Recognition and Performance of Musical Emotions. Emotion, 13(3), 434-449. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031388
• Ferrer, R., Eerola, T., & Vuoskoski, J. (2013). Enhancing genre-based measures of music preference by user-defined liking and social tags. Psychology of Music, 41(4), 499-518. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735612440611
• Eerola, T., & Vuoskoski, J. (2012). A review of music and emotion studies: Approaches, emotion models and stimuli. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 30(3), 307-340. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2012.30.3.307
• Vuoskoski, J., & Eerola, T. (2012). Can sad music really make you sad? Indirect measures of affective states induced by music and autobiographical memories. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 6(3), 204-213. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026937
• Eerola, T. (2012). Finnish Centre of Excellence in Interdisciplinary Music Research. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind and Brain, 22(2), 180-182
• Eerola, T., Ferrer, R., & Alluri, V. (2012). Timbre and affect dimensions: Evidence from affect and similarity ratings and acoustic correlates of isolated instrument sounds. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 30(1), 49-70. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2012.30.1.49
• Vuoskoski, J., Thompson, B., McIlwain, D., & Eerola, T. (2012). Who enjoys listening to sad music and why?. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 29(3), 311-317. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2012.29.3.311
• Eerola, T. (2012). Modeling Listeners' Emotional Response to Music. Topics in Cognitive Science, 4(4), 607-624. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01188.x
• Tuuri, K., & Eerola, T. (2012). Formulating a Revised Taxonomy for Modes of Listening. Journal of New Music Research, 41(2), 137-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2011.614951
• Aho, M., & Eerola, T. (2012). Expressive Performance cues in Gypsy Swing Guitar Style. Disiplinlerarası müzik araştırmaları dergisi, 6(1), 1-21
• Ferrer, R., & Eerola, T. (2011). Semantic Structures of Timbre Emerging From Social and Acoustic Descriptions of Music. EURASIP Journal on Audio, Speech, and Music Processing, 2011, Article 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-4722-2011-11
• Saari, P., Eerola, T., & Lartillot, O. (2011). Generalizability and Simplicity as Criteria in Feature Selection: Application to Mood Classification in Music. IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, 19(6), 1802-1812. https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2101596
• Punkanen, M., Eerola, T., & Erkkilä, J. (2011). Biased emotional preferences in depression: Decreased liking of angry and energetic music by depressed patients. Music and medicine, 3(2), 114-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1943862110395597
• Eerola, T. (2011). Are the Emotions Expressed in Music Genre-specific? An Audio-based Evaluation of Datasets Spanning Classical, Film, Pop and Mixed Genres. Journal of New Music Research, 40(4), 349-366. https://doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2011.602195
• Vuoskoski, J., & Eerola, T. (2011). Measuring music-induced emotion: A comparison of emotion models, personality biases, and intensity of experiences. Musicae Scientiae, 15(2), 159-173. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864911403367
• Punkanen, M., Eerola, T., & Erkkilä, J. (2011). Biased emotional recognition in depression: Perception of emotions in music by depressed patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 130, 118-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2010.10.034
• Vuoskoski, J., & Eerola, T. (2011). The role of mood and personality in the perception of emotions represented by music. Cortex, 47(9), 1099-1106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2011.04.011
• Tuuri, K., Eerola, T., & Pirhonen, A. (2011). Design and evaluation of prosody-based non-speech audio feedback for physical training application. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 69, 741-757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2011.06.004
• Lamont, A., & Eerola, T. (2011). Music and emotion: Themes and development. Musicae Scientiae, 15(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864911403366
• Eerola, T., & Vuoskoski, J. K. (2011). A Comparison of the Discrete and Dimensional Models of Emotion in Music. Psychology of Music, 39(1), 18-49. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735610362821
• Eerola, T. (2010). Analysing Emotions in Schubert’s Erlkönig: A Computational Approach. Music Analysis, 29(1-3), 214-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2249.2011.00324.x
• Zentner, M., & Eerola, T. (2010). Rhythmic Engagement with Music in Infancy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(13), https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000121107
• Eerola, T., Louhivuori, J., & Lebaka, E. (2009). Expectancy in North Sami yoiks revisited: the role of data-driven and schema-driven knowledge in the formation of melodic expectations. Musicae Scientiae, 13(2), 39-70
• Lartillot, O., Toiviainen, P., & Eerola, T. (2008). Commentary on 'Comparative Analysis of Music Recordings from Western and Non-Western Traditions by Automatic Tonal Feature Extraction' by Emilia Gómez, and Perfecto Herrera. Empirical Musicology Review, 3(3), 157-160
• Eerola, T., & Ferrer, R. (2008). Instrument Library (MUMS) Revised. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 25(3), 253-255. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2008.25.3.253
• Brattico, E., Pallesen, K., Varyagina, O., Anourova, I., Järvenpää, M., Eerola, T., & Tervaniemi, M. (2008). Neural discrimination of non-prototypical chords in music experts and laymen - An MEG study. The Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 21(11), 2230-2244
• Eerola, T., & Bregman, M. (2007). Melodic and contextual similarity of folk song phrases. Musicae Scientiae, Discussion Forum 4A-2007, 211-233
• Toiviainen, P., Erkkilä, J., Eerola, T., G., L., & Lartillot, O. (2007). Music cognition research amidst the boreal forest. Cognitive Processing, 8, 57-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-007-0160-4
• Toiviainen, P., & Eerola, T. (2006). Autocorrelation in meter induction: The role of accent structure. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 119(2), 1164-1170. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2146084
• Eerola, T., Himberg, T., Toiviainen, P., & Louhivuori, J. (2006). Perceived complexity of Western and African folk melodies by Western and African listeners. Psychology of Music, 34, 341-375
• Hannon, E., Snyder, J., Eerola, T., & Krumhansl, C. (2004). The role of melodic and temporal cues in perceiving musical meter. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30, 956-974
• Eerola, T., Järvinen, T., Louhivuori, J., & Toiviainen, P. (2001). Statistical features and perceived similarity of folk melodies
• Krumhansl, C. L., Toivanen, P., Eerola, T., Toiviainen, P., Järvinen, T., & Louhivuori, J. (2000). Cross-cultural music cognition: Cognitive methodology applied to North Sami yoiks. Cognition, 76(1), 13-58
• Krumhansl, C. L., Louhivuori, J., Toiviainen, P., Järvinen, T., & Eerola, T. (1999). Melodic expectation in Finnish spiritual folk hymns: Convergence of statistical, behavioral, and computational approaches