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Frederick Li received both a Bachelor of Arts (Honors) in Computing Studies and a Master of Philosophy from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, and a Ph.D. degree in Computer Graphics from City University of Hong Kong. He is currently an Associate Professor at University of Durham. Prior to the current appointment, he was an Assistant Professor at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University from 2003 to 2006, and had been the project manger of a Hong Kong Government Innovation and Technology Fund (ITF) funded project.

Frederick Li is currently an Associate Editor of Frontiers in Education (Digital Education) and an Editorial Board Member of Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware. He has served as an Associate Editor of International Journal of Distance Education Technologies and a Guest Editor of three of its special issues. He has also served as a Conference Co-chair of ICWL 2022, Program Co-chair of ISVC 2021, ICWL 2015/2013/2008/2007 and IDET 2008-2009. In addition, he has served as a a Poster & Demo Track Co-Chair of EDM 2022, a Workshop Co-chair of ICWL 2009 and U-Media 2009, a Publicity Co-Chair of ACM MTDL 2010 and U-Media 2010, and a Local Co-Chair of BMVC 2018.

Departmental Duties: In the department, he has served as Chair of Board of Examiners of both UG and PGT Programmes, PGT Programme Director, and Chair of Taught Postgraduate Management Committee (CS and Engineering).

External Appointment: External Examiner for a taught MSc programme in Northumbria University (2022-2026)

Research Projects

Mesh Saliency
"A Unified Deep Metric Representation for Mesh Saliency Detection and Non-rigid Shape Matching," IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2020. [Download] "Sparse Metric-based Mesh Saliency," Neurocomputing, 2020. [Download] "Visual Saliency Guided Textured Model Simplification," The Visual Computer, 2016. [Download] "Salient Region of Textured 3D Model," Pacific Graphics (Poster Paper), 2010. [Download]
Graphics Modeling and Transmission
"Stable Hand Pose Estimation under Tremor via Graph Neural Network," IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR 2021). "Motion-aware Compression and Transmission of Mesh Animation Sequences," ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, 2019. [Download] "Compressed Dynamic Mesh Sequence for Progressive Streaming," Computer Animaion and Virtual Worlds, 2018. [Download] "Feature-varying skeletonization - Intuitive control over the target feature size and output skeleton topology," The Visual Computer, 2012. [Download] "Game-On-Demand: An Online Game Engine based on Geometry Streaming," ACM Trans. on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications, 2011. [Download] "A Trajectory-Preserving Synchronization Method for Collaborative Visualization," IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2006. [Download] "VSculpt: A Distributed Virtual Sculpting Environment for Collaborative Design," IEEE Transcations on Multimedia, 2003. [Download] "Real-Time Rendering of Deformable Parametric Free-Form Surfaces," ACM VRST, 1999. [PDF] "Interactive Rendering of Deforming NURBS Surfaces," Computer Graphics Forum (special issue on Eurographics '97), 1997. [PDF]
Remote Rendering and Perceptual Quality Assessment
"Perceptual Quality Assessment on DIBR Synthesized Videos with Composite Distortions," IEEE ICIP '2020. [Download] "Deep Blind Synthesized Image Quality Assessment with Contextual Multi-level Feature Pooling," IEEE ICIP '2019. [Download] "No-Reference Synthesized Image Quality Assessment with Convolutional Neural Network and Local Image Saliency," Computational Visual Media, 2019. [Download]  "Scalable Remote Rendering using Synthesized Image Quality Assessment," IEEE Access, 2018. [Download] "DOOBNet: Deep Object Occlusion Boundary Detection from an Image," ACCV 2018 (Oral Paper), arXiv preprint arXiv:1806.03772, Dec. 2018. [Link]
Cloud Modeling
"Cumuliform Cloud Formation Control using Parameter-Predicting Convolutional Neural Network," Graphical Models, 2020. [Download] "Target-Driven Cloud Evolution using Position-Based Fluids," Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, (To appear) [Download] "Modeling Detailed Cloud Scene from Multi-source Images," Pacific Graphics 2018 (Short Paper) [Download] "Modeling Cumulus Cloud Scenes from High-resolution Satellite Images," Computer Graphics Forum, 2017. [Download]
Coloring and Beautification
"Facial Reshaping Operator for Controllable Face Beautification," Expert Systems with Applications, 2020. [Download] "Example-Based Image Recoloring in an Indoor Environment," Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, (To appear) [Download] "A Color-Pair Based Approach for Accurate Color Harmony Estimation," Computer Graphics Forum, 2019. [Download] "Image Recoloring For Home Scene," ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry (VRCAI '18), 2018. [Download]
Student Performance Analytics
"Study on Student Performance Estimation, Student Progress Analysis, and Student Potential Prediction based on Data Mining," Computers & Education, 2018. [Download] "Failure Rates in Introductory Programming Revisited," ACM Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE), 2014. (Best Paper Award) [Download] "No Tests Required: Comparing Traditional and Dynamic Predictors of Programming Success," ACM SIGCSE 2014, 2014. [Download] "Predicting Performance in an Introductory Programming Course by Logging and Analyzing Student Programming Behavior," IEEE Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), 2013. (Outstanding Paper Award) [Download] "BlueFix: Using Crowd-Sourced Feedback to Support Programming Students in Error Diagnosis and Repair," International Conference on Web-based Learning, 2012. [Download]
Educational Technologies
"A Fine-Grained Outcome-based Learning Path Model," IEEE Trans. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, 2014. [Download] "Recent Development in Multimedia e-Learning Technologies," World Wide Web, 2014. [Download] "Game-Based Concept Visualization for Learning Programming," ACM Workshop on Multimedia Technologies for Distance Learning , 2011. [Download] "A Pedagogical Interface for Authoring Adaptive e-Learning Courses," ACM Multimedia technologies for distance learning, 2010. [Download] "Learning Programming Languages through Corrective Feedback and Concept Visualisation," International Conference on Web-based Learning, 2011. [Download] "An Open Model for Learning Path Construction," International Conference on Web-based Learning, 2010. (ICWL 2010 Best Student Paper Award) [Download] "A Three-Tier Profiling Framework for Adaptive e-Learning," International Conference on Web-based Learning , 2009. [Download] "Technology Supports for Distributed and Collaborative Learning over the Internet," ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT) , 2008. [Download]
Papers published from supervised undergraduate projects
"WaveMix - A Multi-Task Neural Architecture for Music Performance Extraction," WiML Workshop at ICML 2020. "A Pedagogical Interface for Authoring Adaptive e-Learning Courses," ACM Multimedia technologies for distance learning, 2010. [Download]

• Collaborative Virtual Environment
• Computer Graphics
• Educational Technologies
• Graphics Modeling and Transmission
• Augmented and Virtual Reality
• Machine Learning and Deep Learning

• 2000: Journal Editorialships: Associate Editor of Frontiers in Education (Digital Education) and an Editorial Board Member of Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware.
• 2000: Conference Organization: Conference Co-chair of ICWL 2022, Program Co-chair of ISVC 2021, ICWL 2015/2013/2008/2007 and IDET 2008-2009. In addition, he has served as a a Poster & Demo Track Co-Chair of EDM 2022, a Workshop Co-chair of ICWL 2009 and U-Media 2009, a Publicity Co-Chair of ACM MTDL 2010 and U-Media 2010, and a Local Co-Chair of BMVC 2018.

Chapter in book

• ST-SACLF: Style Transfer Informed Self-Attention Classifier for Bias-Aware Painting Classification
  
  Vijendran, M., Li, F. W. B., Deng, J., & Shum, H. P. H. (in press). ST-SACLF: Style Transfer Informed Self-Attention Classifier for Bias-Aware Painting Classification. In CCIS ’24: Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer.
• Learning Path Construction Based on Association Link Network
  
  Yang, F., Li, F. W., & Lau, R. W. (2012). Learning Path Construction Based on Association Link Network. In E. Popescu, Q. Li, R. Klamma, H. Leung, & M. Specht (Eds.), Advances in web-based learning (ICWL 2012) : proceedings of 11th International Conference, Sinaia, Romania, September 2-4, 2012. (pp. 120-131). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33642-3_13

Conference Paper

• Uncertainty-aware Probabilistic 3D Human Motion Forecasting via Invertible Networks
  
  Ma, Y., Zhou, K., Yu, F., Li, F. W. B., & Liang, X. (2025, May 19 – 2025, May 23). Uncertainty-aware Probabilistic 3D Human Motion Forecasting via Invertible Networks [Conference paper]. Presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation 2025, Atlanta, USA. IEEE.
• Multi-modal Dynamic Point Cloud Geometric Compression Based on Bidirectional Recurrent Scene Flow*
  
  Nan, F., Li, F., Wang, Z., Tam, G. K. L., Jiang, Z., DongZheng, D., & Yang, B. (2025). Multi-modal Dynamic Point Cloud Geometric Compression Based on Bidirectional Recurrent Scene Flow*. In ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888353
• From Category to Scenery: An End-to-End Framework for Multi-Person Human-Object Interaction Recognition in Videos
  
  Qiao, T., Li, R., Li, F. W. B., & Shum, H. P. H. (2025). From Category to Scenery: An End-to-End Framework for Multi-Person Human-Object Interaction Recognition in Videos. In Pattern Recognition 27th International Conference, ICPR 2024, Kolkata, India, December 1–5, 2024, Proceedings, Part XV (pp. 262-277). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-78354-8_17
• MAGR: Manifold-Aligned Graph Regularization for Continual Action Quality Assessment
  
  Zhou, K., Wang, L., Zhang, X., Shum, H. P., Li, F. W. B., Li, J., & Liang, X. (2025). MAGR: Manifold-Aligned Graph Regularization for Continual Action Quality Assessment. In A. Leonardis, E. Ricci, S. Roth, O. Russakovsky, T. Sattler, & G. Varol (Eds.), Computer Vision – ECCV 2024 (pp. 375-392). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-73247-8_22
• Reducing University Students’ Exam Anxiety via Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in VR with Real-Time EEG Neurofeedback
  
  Pan, Z., Cristea, A. I., & Li, F. W. B. (2024). Reducing University Students’ Exam Anxiety via Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in VR with Real-Time EEG Neurofeedback. In Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners, Doctoral Consortium and Blue Sky (pp. 418-423). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64312-5_52
• HSE: Hybrid Species Embedding for Deep Metric Learning
  
  Yang, B., Sun, H., Li, F. W. B., Chen, Z., Cai, J., & Song, C. (2024). HSE: Hybrid Species Embedding for Deep Metric Learning. In 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV51070.2023.01014
• DrawGAN: Multi-view Generative Model Inspired By The Artist's Drawing Method
  
  Yang, B., Chen, Z., Li, F. W. B., Sun, H., & Cai, J. (2023). DrawGAN: Multi-view Generative Model Inspired By The Artist’s Drawing Method. In B. Sheng, L. Bi, J. Kim, N. Magnenat-Thalmann, & D. Thalmann (Eds.), Advances in Computer Graphics 40th Computer Graphics International Conference, CGI 2023, Shanghai, China, August 28–September 1, 2023, Proceedings, Part II (pp. 479-490). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50072-5_38
• A Mixed Reality Training System for Hand-Object Interaction in Simulated Microgravity Environments
  
  Zhou, K., Chen, C., Ma, Y., Leng, Z., Shum, H. P., Li, F. W., & Liang, X. (2023). A Mixed Reality Training System for Hand-Object Interaction in Simulated Microgravity Environments. In 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR59233.2023.00031
• Tackling Data Bias in Painting Classification with Style Transfer
  
  Vijendran, M., Li, F. W., & Shum, H. P. (2023). Tackling Data Bias in Painting Classification with Style Transfer. In Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications - Volume 5 VISAPP: VISAPP (pp. 250-261). SciTePress. https://doi.org/10.5220/0011776600003417
• Fg-T2M: Fine-Grained Text-Driven Human Motion Generation via Diffusion Model
  
  Wang, Y., Leng, Z., Li, F. W. B., Wu, S., & Liang, X. (2023). Fg-T2M: Fine-Grained Text-Driven Human Motion Generation via Diffusion Model. In 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV51070.2023.02014
• STIT: Spatio-Temporal Interaction Transformers for Human-Object Interaction Recognition in Videos
  
  Almushyti, M., & Li, F. W. (2022, November). STIT: Spatio-Temporal Interaction Transformers for Human-Object Interaction Recognition in Videos. Presented at 2022 26th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), Montréal, Québec. https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr56361.2022.9956030
• Aesthetic Enhancement via Color Area and Location Awareness
  
  Yang, B., Wang, Q., Li, F. W., Liang, X., Wei, T., & Zhu, C. (2022). Aesthetic Enhancement via Color Area and Location Awareness (Y. Yang, A. D. Parakkat, B. Deng, & S. T. Noh, Eds.). Eurographics Association. https://doi.org/10.2312/pg.20221247
• Gamifying Experiential Learning Theory
  
  Alsaqqaf, A., & Li, F. W. (2022). Gamifying Experiential Learning Theory. In ICWL 2022, SETE 2022: Learning Technologies and Systems (pp. 16-28). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33023-0_2
• Geometric Features Informed Multi-person Human-object Interaction Recognition in Videos
  
  Qiao, T., Men, Q., Li, F. W., Kubotani, Y., Morishima, S., & Shum, H. P. (2022). Geometric Features Informed Multi-person Human-object Interaction Recognition in Videos. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science (pp. 474-491). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19772-7_28
• STGAE: Spatial-Temporal Graph Auto-Encoder for Hand Motion Denoising
  
  Zhou, K., Cheng, Z., Shum, H. P., Li, F. W., & Liang, X. (2021). STGAE: Spatial-Temporal Graph Auto-Encoder for Hand Motion Denoising. Presented at 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), Bari, Italy. https://doi.org/10.1109/ismar52148.2021.00018
• Recognising Human-Object Interactions Using Attention-based LSTMs
  
  Almushyti, M., & Li, F. W. (2019). Recognising Human-Object Interactions Using Attention-based LSTMs. In F. P. Vidal, G. K. . L. Tam, & J. C. Roberts (Eds.), Computer Graphics and Visual Computing (CGVC). (pp. 135-139). Eurographics Association. https://doi.org/10.2312/cgvc.20191269
• Deep Blind Synthesized Image Quality Assessment with Contextual Multi-Level Feature Pooling
  
  Wang, X., Wang, K., Yang, B., Li, F. W., & Liang, X. (2019). Deep Blind Synthesized Image Quality Assessment with Contextual Multi-Level Feature Pooling. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Proceedings. (pp. 435-439). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8802943
• Image recoloring for home scene
  
  Lin, X., Wang, X., Li, F. W., Yang, B., Zhang, K., & Wei, T. (2018). Image recoloring for home scene. In VRCAI ’18 Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry.. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3284398.3284404
• Modeling Detailed Cloud Scene from Multi-source Images
  
  Cen, Y., Liang, X., Chen, J., Yang, B., & Li, F. W. (2018). Modeling Detailed Cloud Scene from Multi-source Images. In H. Fu, A. Ghosh, & J. Kopf (Eds.), Pacific graphics short papers, (pp. 49-52). Eurographics Association. https://doi.org/10.2312/pg.20181278
• No Tests Required: Comparing Traditional and Dynamic Predictors of Programming Success
  
  Watson, C., Li, F. W., & Godwin, J. L. (2014). No Tests Required: Comparing Traditional and Dynamic Predictors of Programming Success. In J. . D. Dougherty, K. Nagel, A. Decker, & K. Eiselt (Eds.), Proceedings of the 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. (pp. 469-474). Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2538930
• Failure rates in introductory programming revisited
  
  Watson, C., & Li, F. W. (2014). Failure rates in introductory programming revisited. In Åsa Cajander, M. Daniels, T. Clear, & A. Pears (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2014 conference on Innovation & technology in computer science education (ITiCSE ’14). (pp. 39-44). Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/2591708.2591749
• Predicting Performance in an Introductory Programming Course by Logging and Analyzing Student Programming Behavior
  
  Watson, C., Li, F. W., & Godwin, J. L. (2013). Predicting Performance in an Introductory Programming Course by Logging and Analyzing Student Programming Behavior. In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2013). (pp. 319-323). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2013.99
• BlueFix: Using Crowd-sourced Feedback to Support Programming Students in Error Diagnosis and Repair
  
  Watson, C., Li, F. W., & Godwin, J. L. (2012). BlueFix: Using Crowd-sourced Feedback to Support Programming Students in Error Diagnosis and Repair. In E. Popescu, Q. Li, R. Klamma, H. Leung, & M. Specht (Eds.), Advances in Web-Based Learning - ICWL 2012: 11th International Conference, Sinaia, Romania, September 2-4, 2012 ; proceedings (pp. 228-239). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33642-3_25
• Sketching-Based Skeleton Generation
  
  Zheng, Q., Li, F. L., & Lau, R. (2010). Sketching-Based Skeleton Generation. In 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Ubi-Media Computing (U-Media 2010), 5-6 July 2010, Jinhua, China. (pp. 179-186). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/umedia.2010.5544472
• Active Contour Projection for Mesh Segmentation
  
  Yang, F., Li, F., & Lau, R. (2009). Active Contour Projection for Mesh Segmentation. In Joint Conferences on Pervasive Computing (JCPC), 2009 ; Tamsui, Taipei, Taiwan, 3 - 5 Dec. 2009 ; [including two conferences and three workshops] (pp. 865-874). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/jcpc.2009.5420066
• GameOD: An Internet Based Game-On-Demand Framework
  
  Li, F., Lau, R., & Kilis, D. (2004). GameOD: An Internet Based Game-On-Demand Framework (R. Lau & G. Baciu, Eds.). Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/1077534.1077559
• Supporting Continuous Consistency in Multiplayer Online Games
  
  Li, F., Li, L., & Lau, R. (2004, October). Supporting Continuous Consistency in Multiplayer Online Games. Presented at 12th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia, New York, USA. https://doi.org/10.1145/1027527.1027619

Edited book

• Advances in Web-Based Learning - ICWL 2015
  
  Li, F. W., Klamma, R., Laanpere, M., Zhang, J., Manjón, B., & Lau, R. W. (Eds.). (n.d.). Advances in Web-Based Learning - ICWL 2015 [Contracted by publisher] (9412th ed.). Springer Verlag.

Journal Article

• Geometric Visual Fusion Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Person Human-Object Interaction Recognition in Videos
  
  Qiao, T., Li, R., Li, F. W. B., Kubotani, Y., Morishima, S., & Shum, H. P. H. (2025). Geometric Visual Fusion Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Person Human-Object Interaction Recognition in Videos. Expert Systems With Applications, 290, Article 128344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2025.128344
• Fg-T2M++: LLMs-Augmented Fine-Grained Text Driven Human Motion Generation
  
  Wang, Y., Li, M., Liu, J., Leng, Z., Li, F. W. B., Zhang, Z., & Liang, X. (2025). Fg-T2M++: LLMs-Augmented Fine-Grained Text Driven Human Motion Generation. International Journal of Computer Vision, 133, 4277-4293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-025-02392-9
• CLPFusion: A Latent Diffusion Model Framework for Realistic Chinese Landscape Painting Style Transfer
  
  Pan, J., Li, F. W. B., Yang, B., & Nan, F. (2025). CLPFusion: A Latent Diffusion Model Framework for Realistic Chinese Landscape Painting Style Transfer. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 36(3), Article e70053. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70053
• Talking Face Generation with Lip and Identity Priors
  
  Wu, J., Li, F. W. B., Tam, G. K. L., Yang, B., Nan, F., & Pan, J. (2025). Talking Face Generation with Lip and Identity Priors. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 36(3), Article e70026. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70026
• WDFSR: Normalizing Flow based on Wavelet-Domain for Super-Resolution
  
  Song, C., Li, S., Li, F. W. B., & Yang, B. (2025). WDFSR: Normalizing Flow based on Wavelet-Domain for Super-Resolution. Computational Visual Media, 11(2), 381-404.
• 3D data augmentation and dual-branch model for robust face forgery detection
  
  Zhou, C., Li, F. W., Song, C., Zheng, D., & Yang, B. (2025). 3D data augmentation and dual-branch model for robust face forgery detection. Graphical Models, 138, Article 101255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gmod.2025.101255
• PHI: Bridging Domain Shift in Long-Term Action Quality Assessment via Progressive Hierarchical Instruction
  
  Zhou, K., Shum, H. P. H., Li, F. W. B., Zhang, X., & Liang, X. (2025). PHI: Bridging Domain Shift in Long-Term Action Quality Assessment via Progressive Hierarchical Instruction. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2025.3574938
• Laplacian Projection Based Global Physical Prior Smoke Reconstruction
  
  Xiao, S., Tong, C., Zhang, Q., Cen, Y., Li, F. W. B., & Liang, X. (2024). Laplacian Projection Based Global Physical Prior Smoke Reconstruction. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 30(12), 7657-7671. https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3358636
• Multi-Task Spatial-Temporal Graph Auto-Encoder for Hand Motion Denoising
  
  Zhou, K., Shum, H. P., Li, F. W., & Liang, X. (2024). Multi-Task Spatial-Temporal Graph Auto-Encoder for Hand Motion Denoising. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 30(10), 6754-6769. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2023.3337868
• Color Theme Evaluation through User Preference Modeling
  
  Yang, B., Wei, T., Li, F. W. B., Liang, X., Deng, Z., & Fang, Y. (2024). Color Theme Evaluation through User Preference Modeling. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 21(3), Article 12. https://doi.org/10.1145/3665329
• Multi-Feature Fusion Enhanced Monocular Depth Estimation With Boundary Awareness
  
  Song, C., Chen, Q., Li, F. W. B., Jiang, Z., Zheng, D., Shen, Y., & Yang, B. (2024). Multi-Feature Fusion Enhanced Monocular Depth Estimation With Boundary Awareness. Visual Computer, 40, 4955–4967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03498-w
• Multi-Style Cartoonization: Leveraging Multiple Datasets With GANs
  
  Cai, J., Li, F. W. B., Nan, F., & Yang, B. (2024). Multi-Style Cartoonization: Leveraging Multiple Datasets With GANs. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 35(3), Article e2269. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.2269
• An end-to-end dynamic point cloud geometry compression in latent space
  
  Jiang, Z., Wang, G., Tam, G. K. L., Song, C., Yang, B., & Li, F. W. B. (2023). An end-to-end dynamic point cloud geometry compression in latent space. Displays, 80, Article 102528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2023.102528
• A Differential Diffusion Theory for Participating Media
  
  Cen, Y., Li, C., Li, F. W. B., Yang, B., & Liang, X. (2023). A Differential Diffusion Theory for Participating Media. Computer Graphics Forum, 42(7), Article e14956. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14956
• C2SPoint: A classification-to-saliency network for point cloud saliency detection
  
  Jiang, Z., Ding, L., Tam, G., Song, C., Li, F. W., & Yang, B. (2023). C2SPoint: A classification-to-saliency network for point cloud saliency detection. Computers & Graphics, 115, 274-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2023.07.003
• A Video-Based Augmented Reality System for Human-in-the-Loop Muscle Strength Assessment of Juvenile Dermatomyositis
  
  Zhou, K., Cai, R., Ma, Y., Tan, Q., Wang, X., Li, J., Shum, H. P., Li, F. W., Jin, S., & Liang, X. (2023). A Video-Based Augmented Reality System for Human-in-the-Loop Muscle Strength Assessment of Juvenile Dermatomyositis. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 29(5), 2456-2466. https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2023.3247092
• IAACS: Image Aesthetic Assessment Through Color Composition And Space Formation
  
  Yang, B., zhu, C., Li, F. W., Wei, T., Liang, X., & Wang, Q. (2023). IAACS: Image Aesthetic Assessment Through Color Composition And Space Formation. Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vrih.2022.06.006
• Distillation of human–object interaction contexts for action recognition
  
  Almushyti, M., & Li, F. W. (2022). Distillation of human–object interaction contexts for action recognition. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 33(5), Article e2107. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.2107
• Facial reshaping operator for controllable face beautification
  
  Hu, S., Shum, H. P., Liang, X., Li, F. W., & Aslam, N. (2021). Facial reshaping operator for controllable face beautification. Expert Systems With Applications, 167, Article 114067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2020.114067
• A Unified Deep Metric Representation for Mesh Saliency Detection and Non-rigid Shape Matching
  
  Hu, S., Shum, H., Aslam, N., Li, F. W., & Liang, X. (2020). A Unified Deep Metric Representation for Mesh Saliency Detection and Non-rigid Shape Matching. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 22(9), 2278-2292. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2019.2952983
• Cumuliform Cloud Formation Control using Parameter-Predicting Convolutional Neural Network
  
  Zhang, Z., Ma, Y., Li, Y., Li, F. W., Shum, H. P., Yang, B., Guo, J., & Liang, X. (2020). Cumuliform Cloud Formation Control using Parameter-Predicting Convolutional Neural Network. Graphical Models, 111, Article 101083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gmod.2020.101083
• Sparse Metric-based Mesh Saliency
  
  Hu, S., Liang, X., Shum, H. P., Li, F. W., & Aslam, N. (2020). Sparse Metric-based Mesh Saliency. Neurocomputing, 400, 11-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2020.02.106
• Example-based Image Recoloring in Indoor Environment
  
  Lin, X., Wang, X., Li, F. W., Li, J., Yang, B., Zhang, K., & Wei, T. (2020). Example-based Image Recoloring in Indoor Environment. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 31(2), Article e1917. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.1917
• Target‐driven cloud evolution using position‐based fluids
  
  Zhang, Z., Li, Y., Yang, B., Li, F. W., & Liang, X. (2020). Target‐driven cloud evolution using position‐based fluids. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 31(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.1937
• Compressed Dynamic Mesh Sequence for Progressive Streaming
  
  Yang, B., Jiang, Z., Shangguan, J., Li, F. W., Song, C., Guo, Y., & Xu, M. (2019). Compressed Dynamic Mesh Sequence for Progressive Streaming. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 30(6), Article e1847. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.1847
• A Color-Pair Based Approach for Accurate Color Harmony Estimation
  
  Yang, B., Wei, T., Fang, X., Deng, Z., Li, F. W., Ling, Y., & Wang, X. (2019). A Color-Pair Based Approach for Accurate Color Harmony Estimation. Computer Graphics Forum, 38(7), 481-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13854
• No-reference synthetic image quality assessment with convolutional neural network and local image saliency
  
  Wang, X., Liang, X., Yang, B., & Li, F. W. (2019). No-reference synthetic image quality assessment with convolutional neural network and local image saliency. Computational Visual Media, 5(2), 193-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-019-0131-6
• Motion-aware Compression and Transmission of Mesh Animation Sequences
  
  Yang, B., Zhang, L., Li, F. W., Xiaoheng, J., Zhigang, D., Wang, M., & Xu, M. (2019). Motion-aware Compression and Transmission of Mesh Animation Sequences. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, 10(3), Article 25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3300198
• Study on student performance estimation, student progress analysis, and student potential prediction based on data mining
  
  Yang, F., & Li, F. W. (2018). Study on student performance estimation, student progress analysis, and student potential prediction based on data mining. Computers & Education, 123, 97-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.04.006
• Scalable Remote Rendering using Synthesized Image Quality Assessment
  
  Wang, X., Liang, X., Yang, B., & Li, F. W. (2018). Scalable Remote Rendering using Synthesized Image Quality Assessment. IEEE Access, 6, 36595-36610. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2853132
• Modeling Cumulus Cloud Scenes from High-resolution Satellite Images
  
  Zhang, Z., Liang, X., Yuan, C., & Li, F. W. (2017). Modeling Cumulus Cloud Scenes from High-resolution Satellite Images. Computer Graphics Forum, 36(7), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13288
• Visual saliency guided textured model simplification
  
  Yang, B., Li, F. W., Wang, X., Xu, M., Liang, X., Jiang, Z., & Jiang, Y. (2016). Visual saliency guided textured model simplification. Visual Computer, 32(11), 1415-1432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-015-1129-4
• 3D Mesh Compression and Transmission for Mobile Robotic Applications
  
  Yang, B., Wang, X., Li, F. W., Xie, B., Liang, X., & Jiang, Z. (2016). 3D Mesh Compression and Transmission for Mobile Robotic Applications. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, 13, Article 9. https://doi.org/10.5772/62035
• Recent development in multimedia e-learning technologies
  
  Lau, R. W., Yen, N. Y., Li, F. W., & Wah, B. (2014). Recent development in multimedia e-learning technologies. World Wide Web, 17(2), 189-198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-013-0206-8
• A Fine-Grained Outcome-Based Learning Path Model
  
  Yang, F., Li, F. W., & Lau, R. W. (2014). A Fine-Grained Outcome-Based Learning Path Model. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems., 44(2), 235-245. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2013.2263133
• Utilizing Massive Spatiotemporal Samples for Efficient and Accurate Trajectory Prediction
  
  Chan, A., & Li, F. W. (2013). Utilizing Massive Spatiotemporal Samples for Efficient and Accurate Trajectory Prediction. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 12(12), 2346-2359. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2012.214
• Feature-Varying Skeletonization
  
  Willcocks, C. G., & Li, F. W. (2012). Feature-Varying Skeletonization. Visual Computer, 28(6-8), 775-785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-012-0688-x
• Game-On-Demand: An Online Game Engine based on Geometry Streaming
  
  Li, F., Lau, R., Kilis, D., & Li, L. (2011). Game-On-Demand: An Online Game Engine based on Geometry Streaming. ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications, 7(3), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.1145/2000486.2000493
• A Mobile Environment for Sketching-based Skeleton Generation
  
  Zheng, Q., & Li, F. (2011). A Mobile Environment for Sketching-based Skeleton Generation. World Wide Web, 14(3), 261-279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-010-0104-2
• An Adaptive Course Generation Framework
  
  Li, F., Lau, R., & Dharmendran, P. (2010). An Adaptive Course Generation Framework. International Journal of Distance Education Technologies, 8(3), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.4018/jdet.2010070104
• Emerging Internet Technologies for E-Learning
  
  Li, Q., Lau, R., Leung, E., Li, F., Lee, V., Wah, B. W., & Ashman, H. (2009). Emerging Internet Technologies for E-Learning. IEEE Internet Computing, 13(4), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.1109/mic.2009.83
• An Efficient Method for Simulating Flexible Connectors
  
  Li, F., Zhao, J., Lam, B., & Lau, R. (2009). An Efficient Method for Simulating Flexible Connectors. Journal of Multimedia., 4(2), 94-100. https://doi.org/10.4304/jmm.4.2.94-100
• An Effective Error Resilient Packetization Scheme for Progressive Mesh Transmission over Unreliable Networks
  
  Yang, B., Li, F., Pan, Z., & Wang, X. (2008). An Effective Error Resilient Packetization Scheme for Progressive Mesh Transmission over Unreliable Networks. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 23(6), 1015-1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11390-008-9195-y
• Technology Supports for Distributed and Collaborative Learning over the Internet
  
  Li, Q., Lau, R., Shih, T., & Li, F. (2008). Technology Supports for Distributed and Collaborative Learning over the Internet. ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 8(2), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.1145/1323651.1323656
• Adaptive Animation of Human Motion for e-Learning Applications
  
  Li, F., Lau, R., Komura, T., Wang, M., & Siu, B. (2007). Adaptive Animation of Human Motion for e-Learning Applications. International Journal of Distance Education Technologies, 5(2), 74-85.
• A Trajectory-Preserving Synchronization Method for Collaborative Visualization
  
  Li, L., Li, F., & Lau, R. (2006). A Trajectory-Preserving Synchronization Method for Collaborative Visualization. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 12(5), 989-996. https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2006.114
• Efficient Rendering of Deformable Objects for Real-time Applications
  
  Cheung, G., Lau, R., & Li, F. (2006). Efficient Rendering of Deformable Objects for Real-time Applications. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 17(1), 69-81. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.71
• Multi-server support for large scale distributed virtual environments
  
  Ng, B., Lau, R. W., Si, A., & Li, F. (2005). Multi-server support for large scale distributed virtual environments. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 7(6), 1054-1065. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2005.858388
• VSculpt : a distributed virtual sculpting environment for collaborative design
  
  Li, F., Lau, R. W., & Ng, F. (2003). VSculpt : a distributed virtual sculpting environment for collaborative design. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 5(4), 570-580. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2003.814795
• Incremental polygonization of deforming NURBS surfaces.
  
  Li, F., & Lau, R. (1999). Incremental polygonization of deforming NURBS surfaces. Journal of Graphics Tools, 4(4), 37-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/10867651.1999.10487514
• Interactive Rendering of Deforming NURBS Surfaces
  
  Li, F., Lau, R., & Green, M. (1997). Interactive Rendering of Deforming NURBS Surfaces. Computer Graphics Forum, 16(3), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.00141
• Emerging Web Graphics Standards and Technologies
  
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