Staff profile

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Please visit my home page at http://www.dur.ac.uk/g.r.foulger

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Biography

2004 – present — Professor, University of Durham.

1997 – 2004 — Reader, University of Durham.

1992 – 1993 — Geophysicist, U.S. Geological Survey.

1985 – 1997 — Lecturer in Geophysics, University of Durham.

1985 — Post Doctoral RA, Dept. Geological Sciences, Univ. Durham.

1985  — Ph.D. Geophysics (Durham)

1978 — M.A. (Cambridge)

1977 – 1984 — Research Scientist, Geophysics Division, University of Iceland.

1976 — M.Sc. Geophysics (Durham) 

1974  — B.A. Natural Sciences (Cambridge)

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Committee and Society Service

2004 – 2009 — Steering Committee for the Large Igneous Provinces Commission of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI).

2005 — Scientific committee member, SAL2005 Workshop on Ocean Island Volcanism, Cape Verde Republic

Committee member, NERC Geophysical Equipment Pool

Member, NASA Earth Observation System (EOS) Evaluation Panel

Durham University representative, Universities Navstar Consortium (UNAVCO)

Durham University interview panels in Earth Science, Physics, Mathematics, Engineering and Archaeology

Member, St. Mary’s & St. Chad’s Colleges governing bodies

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Conferences and Workshops

2005 — The Great Plume Debate, Chapman Conference held in Scotland, sponsored by the American Geophysical Union.

2004 — Convener and chair, special session “Plumes or not?”, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco

2003 — Initiated and convened Plume IV: Beyond the Plume Hypothesis, a Penrose Conference held in Iceland, and sponsored by the Geological Society of America.

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Fellowships

2005 — Fellow, Icelandic National Academy of Sciences

2001 — Sir James Knott Research Fellow

1993 — Nuffield Foundation Fellow

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Invited Keynotes

2007 — "Iceland: What we know and what we don't" at the Rift to Ridge IODP meeting in Southampton

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Membership of Organisations and Societies

Fellow, Icelandic National Academy of Sciences

Fellow, Royal Astronomical Society

American Geophysical Union

Society of Exploration Geophysicists

International Association of Geodesy

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Prizes & Awards

2005 — Price Medal, Royal Astronomical Society

University of Durham Sir James Knott Research Fellowship

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• crustal deformation using the Global Positioning System (GPS)
• earthquake seismology
• geothermal prospecting
• Iceland tectonics and structure

• Climate and Environmental Change
• Geoenergy, Resources and Waste
• Geohazards
• Geophysics Research Group

Available for media contact about:

• Earth Sciences: Earthquakes, earthquake damage, building resilience
• Earth Sciences: Volcanoes, volcanic eruptions, ash plumes, impact on society
• Earth Sciences: Geothermal energy
• Earth Sciences: The controversy regarding the origin of "hot spots" such as Hawaii and Iceland
• Earth Sciences: Iceland
• Earth Sciences: Plate tectonics
• Earth Sciences: Fracking, and industrially induced earthquakes

Authored book

• Foulger, GR (2010). Plates vs Plumes: A Geological Controversy. Wiley-Blackwell.
• Foulger, G.R. (1984). The Hengill geothermal area seismological studies 1978-1984. Reykjavik: Science Institute, University of Iceland.

Chapter in book

• Julian, B.R., Foulger, G.R., Hatfield, O., Jackson, S.E., Simpson, E., Einbeck, J. & Moore, A. (2015). Hotspots in Hindsight. In The Interdisciplinary Earth: A Volume in Honor of Don L. Anderson. Foulger, G.R., Lustrino, M. & King, S.D. Boulder, Colorado Washington, DC: The Geological Society of America / AGU. 105-121.
• Foulger, G.R., Christiansen, R.L. & Anderson, D.L. (2015). The Yellowstone “hot spot” track results from migrating basin-range extension. In The Interdisciplinary Earth: A Volume in Honor of Don L. Anderson. Foulger, G.R., Lustrino, M. & King, S.D. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America. 514: 215-238.
• Foulger, G.R. & Julian, B.R. (2015). Non-Double-Couple Earthquakes. In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Beer, M., Kougioumtzoglou, I. A., Patelli, E. & Au, I. S.-K. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. 1-31.
• Foulger, G.R., Natland, J. H. & Anderson, D. L. (2005). Genesis of the Iceland melt anomaly by plate tectonic processes. In Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms. Foulger, G.R., Natland, J.H., Presnall, D.C. & Anderson, D.L. 595-625.
• Foulger, G.R. & Hofton, M.A. (1998). Regional vertical motion in Iceland 1987-1992, determined using GPS surveying. In Coastal Tectonics. Stewart, I.S. & Vita-Finzi, C. London: Geological Society Special Publication. 146: 165-178.
• Jahn, C-H, Seeber, G, Foulger, G.R & Einarsson, P (1994). GPS epoch measurements spanning the mid-Atlantic plate boundary in northern Iceland 1987-1990. In Gravimetry and Space Techniques Applied to Geodynamics and Ocean Dynamics. 82: 109-123.
• Foulger, G.R. & Arnott, S.K. (1993). Local tomography volcanoes and the accretionary plate boundary in Iceland. In Seismic tomography theory and practice. Iyer, H.M. & Hirahara, K. Chapman and Hall. 644-675.
• Foulger, G.R. & Long, R.E. (1992). Non-double couple earthquake focal mechanisms and the accretionary tectonic cycle. In Volcanic Seismology (IAVCEI Proceedings in Volcanology 3). Gasparini, P., Scarpa, R. & Aki, K. Springer-Verlag. 223-234.
• Einarsson, P., Bjornsson, S., Foulger, G.R., Stefansson, R. & Skaftadottir, T. (1981). Seismicity pattern in the South Iceland seismic zone, Earthquake prediction - An International Review. In Earthquake prediction (Maurice Ewing series 4). Simpson, D.W. & Richards, P.G. American Geophysical Union. 141-151.

Conference Paper

• Foulger, G.R. & Julian, B.R. (2014), Maximizing EGS earthquake location accuracies, 39th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering. Stanford, California, 902-911.
• Cladouhos, T, Petty, S, Nordin, Y, Moore, M, Grasso, K, Uddenberg, M, Sawyer, M, Julian, B & Foulger, GR (2013), Microseismic monitoring of Newberry Volcano EGS Demonstration, in Horne, R. eds, Stanford Geothermal Program Workshop Report SGP-TR-198 38: Thirty-Eighth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering. Stanford University, Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford University, 778-786.
• Foulger, GR & Julian, BR (2013), Seismological software for geothermal monitoring, in Horne, R. eds, Workshops on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering 38: Thirty-Eighth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering. Stanford University, Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford University.

Edited book

• Foulger, G. R. & Jurdy, D. M. (2006). Plumes, Plates, and Planetary Processes. Geological Society of America Special Paper, in preparation.
• Foulger, G.R., Natland, J. H., Presnall, D. C. & Anderson, D. L. (2005). Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms. Geological Society of America Special Paper.

Journal Article

• Liu, Jinping, Li, Sanzhong, Cao, Xianzhi, Dong, Hao, Suo, Yanhui, Jiang, Zhaoxia, Zhou, Jie, Li, Xiyao, Zhang, Ruixin, Liu, Lijun & Foulger, Gillian Rose (2023). Back‐Arc Tectonics and Plate Reconstruction of the Philippine Sea‐South China Sea Region Since the Eocene. Geophysical Research Letters 50(5): e2022GL102154.
• Foulger, G. R., Wilkinson, M. W., Wilson, M. P., Mhana, N., Tezel, T. & Gluyas, J. G. (2023). Human-induced earthquakes: E-PIE—a generic tool for Evaluating Proposals of Induced Earthquakes. Journal of Seismology 27(1): 21-44.
• Zhao, Yanghui, Riel, Bryan, Foulger, Gillian & Ding, Weiwei (2022). How strongly do plumes influence Pacific seamount distribution? Earth and Planetary Science Letters 595: 117786.
• Werner, P., Foulger, G. R., Gernigon, L., Guan, H. & Geoffroy, L. (2020). The extent of continental material in oceans: C-Blocks and the Laxmi Basin example. Geophysical Journal International 222(3): 1471-1479.
• Foulger, Gillian R., Schiffer, Christian & Peace, Alexander L. (2020). A new paradigm for the North Atlantic Realm. Earth-Science Reviews 206: 103038.
• Schiffer, Christian, Doré, Anthony G., Foulger, Gillian R., Franke, Dieter, Geoffroy, Laurent, Gernigon, Laurent, Holdsworth, Robert, Kusznir, Nick, Lundin, Erik, McCaffrey, Ken, Peace, Alex, Petersen, Kenni D., Phillips, Thomas, Stephenson, Randell, Stoker, Martyn S. & Welford, Kim (2020). Structural inheritance in the North Atlantic. Earth-Science Reviews 206: 102975.
• Foulger, Gillian R., Wilson, Miles, Gluyas, Jon, Julian, Bruce R. & Davies, Richard (2018). Global review of human-induced earthquakes. Earth-Science Reviews 178: 438-514.
• Peace, Alexander L., Foulger, Gillian R., Schiffer, Christian & McCaffrey, Ken J.W. (2017). Evolution of Labrador Sea–Baffin Bay: Plate or Plume Processes? Geoscience Canada 44(3): 91-102.
• Wilson, M. P., Davies, R. J., Foulger, G. R., Julian, B. R., Styles, P. & Gluyas, J. G. (2015). Anthropogenic earthquakes in the UK: A national baseline prior to shale exploitation. Marine and Petroleum Geology 68(Part A): 1-17.
• Foulger, G.R., Panza, G.F., Artemieva, I.M., Bastow, I.D., Cammarano, F., Evans, J.R., Hamilton, W.B., Julian, B.R., Lustrino, M., Thybo, H. & Yanovskaya, T.B. (2013). Caveats on tomographic images. Terra Nova 25(4): 259-281.
• Davies, R., Foulger, G., Bindley, A. & Styles, P. (2013). Induced Seismicity and Hydraulic Fracturing for the Recovery of Hydrocarbons. Marine and Petroleum Geology 45: 171-185.
• Davies, R.J., Foulger, G.R., Mathias, S., Moss, J. Hustoft, S. & Newport, L. (2013). Reply: Davies et al. (2012), Hydraulic fractures: How far can they go? Marine and Petroleum Geology 43: 519-521.
• Foulger, G.R. (2012). Are 'hot spots' hot spots? Journal of Geodynamics 58: 1-28.
• Julian, BR & Foulger, GR (2010). Time-dependent seismic tomography. Geophysical Journal International 182(3): 1327-1338.
• Julian, BR, Foulger, GR, Monastero, FC & Bjornstad, S (2010). Imaging Hydraulic Fractures in a Geothermal Reservoir. Geophysical Research Letters 37: L07305.
• Foulger, G.R. (2006). Older crust underlies Iceland. Geophysical Journal International 165(2): 672-676.
• Foulger, G.R., Fitton, J. G., Presnall, D. C. & Morgan, W. J. (2006). The Great Plume Debate The Origin and Impact of LIPs and Hot Spots, Scientific report. EOS Trans. AGU 87(7): 76-80.
• Du, Z, Vinnik, L.P & Foulger, G.R. (2006). Evidence from P-to-S mantle converted waves for a flat “660-km” discontinuity beneath Iceland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 241(1-2): 271-280.
• Foulger, G.R. (2005). Mantle plumes: Why the current skepticism? Chinese Science Bulletin 50: 1555-1600.
• Foulger, G.R. & Anderson, D.L (2005). A cool model for the Iceland hotspot. J. Volc. Geotherm. Res 141(1-2): 1-22.
• Foulger, G.R., Natland, J.H & Anderson, D.L (2005). A source for Icelandic magmas in remelted Iapetus crust. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 141(1-2): 23-44.
• Vinnik, L.P., Foulger, G.R. & Du, Z. (2005). Seismic boundaries in the mantle beneath Iceland: a new constraint on temperature. Geophysical Journal International 160(2): 533-538.
• Du, Z. & Foulger, G.R. (2004). Surface wave waveform inversion for variation in upper mantle structure beneath Iceland. Geophysical Journal International 157(1): 305-314.
• Julian, B.R & Foulger, G.R (2004). Microearthquake Focal Mechanisms: A Tool for Monitoring Geothermal Systems. Geotherm. Res. Council Bull 33: 166-171.
• Foulger, G.R & Julian, B.R (2004). A powerful tool: Use of time-dependent MEQ tomography for monitoring producing geothermal reservoirs. Geotherm. Res. Council Bull 33: 120-126.
• Foulger, G.R, Natland, J.H. & Anderson, D.L. (2004). Penrose Conference Report. Plume IV: Beyond the Plume Hypothesis � Tests of the plume paradigm and alternatives. GSA Today 14: 26-28.
• Foulger, G.R, Julian, B.R, Hill, D.P, Pitt, A.M, Malin, P & Shalev, E (2004). Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California, provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 132(1): 45-71.
• Foulger, G.R. (2003). Plumes, plates and Popper. Geoscientist 13(5): 16-17.
• Foulger, G.R., Du, Z.J. & Julian, B.R. (2003). Icelandic-type crust. Geophysical Journal International 155(2): 567-590.
• Gunasekera, R.C., Foulger, G.R. & Julian, B.R. (2003). Reservoir depletion at The Geysers geothermal area, California, shown by four-dimensional seismic tomography. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 108(B3): 2134.
• Foulger, G.R. (2003). In response. Astronomy & Geophysics 44(1): 1.13.
• Foulger, G.R. & Natland, J.H. (2003). Is 'hotspot' volcanism a consequence of plate tectonics? Science 300(5621): 921-922.
• Foulger, G.R. (2002). Plumes, or plate tectonic processes? Astronomy & Geophysics 43(6): 6.19-6.23.
• Du, Z., Foulger, G.R., Julian, B.R., Allen, R.M., Nolet, G., Morgan, W.J., Bergsson, B., Erlendsson, P., Jakobsdottir, S., Ragnarsson, S., Stefansson, R. & Vogfjord, K. (2002). Crustal structure beneath western and eastern Iceland from surface waves and receiver functions. Geophysical Journal International 149(2): 349-363.
• Foulger, G.R. (2002). There is no plume under Iceland. The Observatory 122: 316-320.
• Christiansen, R.L, Foulger, G.R & Evans, J.R (2002). Upper-mantle origin of the Yellowstone hotspot. Geological Society of America Bulletin 114: 1245-1256.
• Allen, R.M., Nolet, G., Morgan, W.J., Vogfjörd, K., Bergsson, B.H., Erlendsson, P., Foulger, G.R., Jakobsdóttir, S., Julian, B.R., Pritchard, M.J., Ragnarsson, S. & Stefánsson, R. (2002). Imaging the mantle beneath Iceland using integrated seismological techniques. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 107(B12): 2325.
• Shen, Y, Solomon, S.C, Bjarnason, I.T, Nolet, G, Morgan, W.J, Allen, R, Vogfjord, K, Jakobsdottir, S, Stefansson, R, Julian, B.R & Foulger, G.R (2002). Seismic evidence for a tilted mantle plume and large-scale, north-south flow beneath Iceland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 197: 261-272.
• Allen, R.M., Nolet, G., Morgan, W.J., Vogfjörd, K., Nettles, M., Ekström, G., Bergsson, B.H., Erlendsson, P., Foulger, G.R., Jakobsdóttir, S., Julian, B.R., Pritchard, M.J., Ragnarsson, S. & Stefánsson, R. (2002). Plume-driven plumbing and crustal formation in Iceland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 107(B8): 2163, ESE 4-1–ESE 4-19.
• Du, Z. & Foulger, G.R. (2001). Variation in the crustal structure across central Iceland. Geophysical Journal International 145(1): 246-264.
• Foulger, G.R, Pritchard, M.J, Julian, B.R, Evans, J.E, Allen, R.M, Nolet, G, Morgan, W.J, Bergsson, B, Erlendsson, P, Jakobsdottir, S, Ragnarsson, S, Stefansson, R & Vogfjord, K (2001). Seismic tomography shows that upwelling beneath Iceland is confined to the upper mantle. Geophysical Journal International 146(2): 504-530.
• Foulger, G.R. & Pearson, D.G. (2001). Is Iceland underlain by a plume in the lower mantle? Seismology and helium isotopes. Geophysical Journal International 145(3): F1-F5.
• Foulger, G.R, Pritchard, M.J, Julian, B.R, Evans, J.R, Allen, R.M, Nolet, G, Morgan, W.J, Bergsson, B.H, Erlendsson, P, Jakobsdottir, S, Ragnarsson, S, Stefansson, R & Vogfjord, K (2000). The seismic anomaly beneath Iceland extends down to the mantle transition zone and no deeper. Geophysical Journal International 142: F1-F5.
• Pritchard, M.J, Foulger, G.R, Julian, B.R & Fyen, J (2000). Seismic-array constraints on a possible plume in the mid-mantle beneath Iceland. Geophysical Journal International 143: 119-128.
• Foulger, G.R & Field, P.R (2000). Comparison of local earthquake tomographic crustal models with gravity data for the Hengill and Krafla areas. Jökull 29-47.
• Julian, B.R, Evans, J.R, Pritchard, M.J & Foulger, G.R (2000). A geometrical error in some versions of the ACH method of teleseismic tomography. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 90: 1554-1558.
• Du, Z, Foulger, G.R & Mao, W (2000). Noise reduction for broadband, three-component seismograms using data-adaptive polarization filter. Geophysical Journal International 141: 820-828.
• Henderson, J.R, Barton, D.J & Foulger, G.R (1999). Fractal clustering of induced seismicity in the Geysers geothermal area, California. Geophysical Research Letters 139: 317-324.
• Banerjee, P, Foulger, G.R, Prakash, S & Dabral, C.P (1999). Geoid undulation modelling and interpretation at Ladak, NW Himalaya using GPS and levelling data. Journal of Geodesy 73: 79-86.
• Allen, R.M, Nolet, G, Morgan, W.J, Vogfjord, K, Bergsson, B.H, Erlendsson, P, Foulger, G.R, Jakobsdottir, S, Julian, B.R, Pritchard, M, Ragnarsson, S & Stefansson, R (1999). The thin, hot plume beneath Iceland. Geophysical Journal International 137: 51-63.
• Foulger, G.R (1999). The Iceland plume: Now you see it, now you don’t. The Observatory 119: 120-124.
• Barton, D.J, Foulger, G.R, Henderson, J.R & Julian, B.R (1999). Frequency-magnitude statistics and spatial correlation dimensions of earthquakes at Long Valley caldera, California. Geophysical Journal International 138: 563-570.
• Du, Z.J & Foulger, G.R (1999). The crustal structure beneath the Northwest Fjords, Iceland, from receiver functions and surface waves. Geophysical Journal International 139: 419-432.
• Thatcher, W, Foulger, G.R, Julian, B.R & Svarc, J (1999). Present day deformation across the Basin and Range. Science 283: 1714-1718.
• Ross, A, Foulger, G.R & Julian, B.R (1999). Source processes of industrially-induced earthquakes at The Geysers geothermal area, California. Geophysics 64: 1877-1889.
• Miller, A.D, Julian, B.R & Foulger, G.R (1998). Three-dimensional structure and moment tensors of non-double-couple earthquakes at the Hengill-Grensdalur volcanic complex, Iceland. Geophysical Journal International 133: 309-325.
• Foulger, G.R, Malin, P.E, Shalev, E, Julian, B.R & Hill, D.P (1998). Seismic monitoring and activity increase in California caldera. EOS, Trans Amer. Geophys. Union 79: 357-363.
• Julian, B.R, Miller, A.D & Foulger GR (1998). Non-double-couple earthquakes 1. Theory. Reviews of Geophysics 36: 525-549.
• Julian, B.R, Pitt, A.M & Foulger, G.R (1998). Seismic image of a CO₂ reservoir beneath a seismically active volcano. Geophysical Journal International 133: 7-10.
• Foulger, G.R, Julian, B.R, Hill, D.P, Sharer, G, Foulger, L.E, Perlroth, R, Dotson, N, Pitt, A.M & Brodsky, E (1998). A microearthquake survey of the Mammoth Mountain area, Long Valley caldera, California, summer 1997. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-236.
• Miller, A.D, Foulger, G.R & Julian, B.R (1998). Non-double-couple earthquakes 2. Observations, Rev. Geophysics 36: 551-568.
• Foulger, G.R (1997). How tectonic plates move. The Observatory 118: 55-58.
• Julian, B.R & Foulger, G.R (1997). Databases in the field: A dissenting view. IRIS newsletter 16: 11-14.
• Foulger GR, Ross, A, Julian, B.R. & Grant, C.C (1997). Industrially induced changes in Earth structure at The Geysers geothermal area, California. Geophysical Research Letters 24: 135-137.
• Sigmundsson, F, Einarsson, P, Rognvaldsson, S.T, Foulger, G.R, Hodgkinson, K.M & Thorbergsson, G (1997). The 1994-1995 seismicity and deformation at the Hengill triple junction, Iceland: Triggering of earthquakes by minor magma injection in a zone of horizontal shear stress. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102(15): 15151-15161.
• Julian, B.R, Miller, A.D & Foulger, G.R (1997). Non-double-couple earthquakes at the Hengill-Grensdalur geothermal area, southeast Iceland. Geophysical Research Letters 24: 743-746.
• Einarsson, P, Sigmundsson, F, Hofton, M.A, Foulger, G.R & Jacoby, W (1996). An experiment in glacio-isostacy near Vatnajökull, Iceland. Jokull 44: 29-39.
• Ross, A., Foulger, G.R & Julian, B.R (1996). Non-double couple earthquake mechanisms at The Geysers geothermal area, California. Geophysical Research Letters 23: 877-880.
• Hodgkinson, K.M & Foulger, G.R (1996). First epoch GPS survey of the Hengill triple junction, SW Iceland, and the effect of ocean loading. Jokull 44: 17-27.
• Evans, J.R, Foulger, G.R, Julian, B.R & Miller, A.D (1996). Shear-wave splitting from local earthquakes in the Hengill triple junction region, southwest Iceland. Geophysical Research Letters 23: 455-458.
• Hofton, M.A & Foulger, G.R (1996). Post-rifting anelastic deformation around the spreading plate boundary, north Iceland, 2: Implications of the model derived from the 1987-1992 deformation field. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 101: 25423-25436.
• Julian, B.R & Foulger, G.R (1996). Moment tensors from linear inversion of body-wave amplitude ratios: Powerful constraints on earthquake mechanisms. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 86: 972-980.
• Foulger GR & Hofton, M.A. (1996). Post-rifting anelastic deformation around the spreading plate boundary, north Iceland, 1: Modeling of the 1987-1992 deformation field using a viscoelastic Earth structure. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 25403 - 25421.
• Julian, B.R, Ross, A, Foulger, G.R & Evans, J.R (1996). Three-dimensional image of a geothermal reservoir: The Geysers, California. Geophysical Research Letters 23: 685-688.
• Hofton, M.A, Rundle, J.B & Foulger, G.R (1995). Surface deformation due to dyke emplacement in an elastic-gravitational layer overlying a viscoelastic-gravitational half space. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 100: 6329-6338.
• Foulger, G.R (1995). The Hengill triple junction, SW Iceland: Geothermal gradients and the depth of the base of the seismogenic layer. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 65: 119-133.
• Evans, J.R, Julian, B.R, Foulger, G.R & Ross, A (1995). Shear-wave splitting and wave-speed anisotropy of local earthquakes at The Geysers geothermal field, California. Geophysical Research Letters 22: 501-504.
• Camitz, J, Sigmundsson, F, Foulger, G.R, Jahn, C.-H, Voelksen, C & Einarsson, P (1995). Plate boundary deformation and continuing deflation of the Askja volcano, North Iceland, determined with GPS, 1987-1993. Bulletin of Volcanology 57: 136-145.
• Foulger, G.R, Miller, A.D, Julian, B.R & Evans, J.R (1995). Three-dimensional VP and VP/VS structures of the Hengill triple junction and geothermal area, Iceland and the repeatability of tomographic inversions. Geophysical Research Letters 22: 1309-1312.
• Arnott, S.K & Foulger, G.R (1994). The Krafla spreading segment, Iceland 2. The accretionary stress cycle and non-shear earthquake focal mechanisms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 99: 23826-23842.
• Foulger, G.R, Hofton, M.A, Julian, B.R, Jahn, C.-H & Seeber, G (1994). Regional post-dyking deformation in N.E. Iceland: A third epoch of GPS measurements in 1992. J. Geod. Soc (Japan Spec. Issue): 99-105.
• Arnott, S.K & Foulger, G.R (1994). The Krafla spreading segment, Iceland: 1. Three dimensional crustal structure and the spatial and temporal distribution of local earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 99: 23801-23826.
• Julian, B.R, Miller, A.D & Foulger, G.R (1993). Non-shear focal mechanisms of earthquakes at The Geysers, CA., and Hengill, Iceland, geothermal areas. Transactions of the Geothermal Research Council 17: 123-128.
• Foulger, G.R & Julian, B.R (1993). Non-double-couple earthquakes at the Hengill-Grensdalur volcanic complex, Iceland: Are they Artifacts of Crustal Heterogeneity? Geological Society of America Bulletin 83: 38-52.
• Foulger, G.R, Beutler, G, Bilham, R, Einarsson, P, Fankhauser, S, Gurtner, W, Hugentobler, U, Morgan, W.J, Rothacher, M, Thorbergsson, G & Wild, U (1993). The Iceland 1986 GPS geodetic survey: Tectonic goals and data processing results. Bull. Geodetica 67: 148-172.
• Julian, B.R, Prisk, A, Foulger, G.R & Evans, J.R (1993). Three-dimensional images of geothermal systems: Local earthquake P-wave velocity tomography at the Hengill and Krafla geothermal areas, Iceland, and The Geysers, CA. Transactions of the Geothermal Research Council 17: 113-121.
• Heki, K, Foulger, G.R, Julian, B.R & Jahn, C.-H (1993). Plate kinematics near divergent boundaries: Geophysical implications of post-tectonic crustal deformation in NE Iceland detected using the Global Positioning System. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 98: 14279-14297.
• Cameron, B.R, Cranmer, F.S & Foulger, G.R (1992). Shallow structures beneath Heimaey and Surtsey from local gravity data. Surtsey research progress report 10: 79-92.
• Foulger, G.R, Jahn, C.-H, Seeber, G, Einarsson, P, Julian, B.R & Heki, K (1992). Post rifting stress relaxation at the accretionary plate boundary in Iceland, measured using the Global Positioning System. Nature 358: 488-490.
• Salk, M, Foulger, G.R, Ergün, M & Cifci, G (1990). A GPS geodetic survey of southwest Turkey. Jeofizik 4: 49-52.
• Toomey, D.R & Foulger, G.R (1989). Application of tomographic inversion to local earthquake data from the Hengill-Grensdalur central volcano complex, Iceland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 94: 17497-17510.
• Foulger, G.R, Long, R.E, Einarsson, P & Bjornsson, A. (1989). Implosive earthquakes at the active accretionary plate boundary in northern Iceland. Nature 337: 640-642.
• Foulger, G.R & Toomey, D.R (1989). Structure and evolution of the Hengill-Grensdalur central volcano complex, Iceland: Geology geophysics and seismic tomography. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 94: 17511-17522.
• Foulger, G.R (1988). The Hengill triple junction, SW Iceland: 1. Tectonic structure and the spatial and temporal distribution of local earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 93: 13493-13506.
• Foulger, G.R (1988). The Hengill triple junction, SW Iceland: 2. Anomalous earthquake focal mechanisms and implications for process within the geothermal reservoir and at accretionary plate boundaries. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 93: 13507-13523.
• Foulger, G.R, Bilham, R, Morgan, W.J & Einarsson, P (1987). The Iceland GPS geodetic field campaign l986. EOS, Trans Amer. Geophys. Union 68: 1809-1818.
• Foulger, G.R & Long, R.E (1984). Anomalous focal mechanism solutions: evidence for tensile crack formation on an accreting plate boundary. Nature 310: 43-45.
• Foulger, G.R (1982). Geothermal exploration and reservoir monitoring using earthquakes and the passive seismic method. Geothermics 11: 259-268.
• Foulger, G.R & Einarsson, P (1980). Recent earthquakes in the Hengill-Hellisheidi area in S.W. Iceland. Journal of Geophysical Research 47: 171-175.

Report

• Foulger, G.R (1994). The 1992 Basin & Range Province GPS survey: 2. The field survey. U.S. Geological Survey. U.S. Geological Survey.
• Julian, B.R & Foulger, G.R (1994). The 1992 Basin & Range Province GPS survey: 1. Point descriptions. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report. U.S. Geological Survey.
• Foulger, G.R (1994). The 1992 Basin & Range Province GPS survey: 3. Data processing and results. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report. U.S. Geological Survey.