Staff profile

Professor Salous started her academic career as an Assistant Professor at Yarmouk University, Jordan. In 1989 she joined the Department of Electrical Engineering & Electronics at UMIST. In 2003 she joined Durham University where she currently holds the Chair in Communication Engineering and is the Director of the Centre for Communication Systems. Professor Salous radio propagation reseacrh covers HF for sky wave propagation for long range communication and UHF to the millimeter wave band for 5G mobile communications. In this area she introduced the digital frequency sweep technique for high bandwidth channel sounders for radio propagation studies. She is an active member of URSI, various COST actions and a member of the UK delegation to the International Union of Telecommunications. 

Webpages

•  International Chair of Commission C on Radiocommunication Systems and Signal Processing of the International Union of Radio Science, (URSI)
• Editor of Radio Science, American Geophysical Union
• Associate Editor of Communications Systems, John Wiley

Book

In April 2013 Professor Salous launched her book on ‘Radio Propagation Measurement and Channel Modelling’ published by Wiley.

The book begins with an explanation of the fundamentals of radio wave propagation and progress through a series of topics, including the measurement of radio channel characteristics, radio channel sounders, measurement strategies, data analysis techniques and radio channel modelling. Application of results for the prediction of achievable digital link performance is discussed with examples pertinent to single carrier, multi-carrier and spread spectrum radio links. This work addresses specifics of communications in various different frequency bands for both long range and short range fixed and mobile radio links.

• Cognitive radio
• Through wall radar
• Radar imaging
• Propagation studies for 5G
• Radio propagation studies for long range communications via slywave
• Wireless communications for mobile radio applications
• Radio channel measurements above-6 GHz bands
• Radio channel characterisation for onbody and small cells at 60 GHz
• Design of radio channel sounders and radar systems

• http://www.ic1004.org/index.php?page=twgu
• http://www.iracon.org/working-groups/
• http://www.ursi.org/commissions.php

Conference Paper

• Salous, Sana; (Accepted), Multi-band multi-antenna chirp channel sounder for frequencies above 6 GHz, 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). Davos, IEEE Conference publication, 1.
• Salous, Sana, Raimundo, X. & Cheema, A. (2017), Path Loss Model in Typical Outdoor Environments in the 50-73 GHz Band, 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2017). Paris, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 721-724.
• Raimundo, Xavier, Salous, Sana & Cheema, Adnan (2016), Indoor radio propagation measurements in the V-band, Radio Propagation and Technologies for 5G (2016). Durham UK, IET, 5 (5).
• Salous, S. & Gao, Y. (2016), Wideband measurements in indoor and outdoor environments in the 30 GHz and 60 GHz bands, 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). 1.
• Weng,Jialai, Tu, Xiaoming Lai, Zhihua, Salous, Sana & Zhang, Jie (2015), Modelling the mmWave channel based on intelligent ray launching model, The 9th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation EuCAP'2015. Lisbon, IEEE.
• Salous, S, Cheema, A.A. & Raimundo, X (2014), Radio channel propagation measurements using a multiband agile chirp sounder, 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). Beijing China, IEEE, Beijing, 1.
• Salous, S & Thoma, R (2014), State of the art mobile radio channel sounding and data analysis, 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). Beijing China, IEEE, Beijing, 1.
• Salous, Sana (2014), Radio propagation studies and spectrum sensing, IET Colloquium on Antennas, Wireless and Electromagnetics 2014. London, IET, 8.
• Cheema, A. A. & Salous, S. (2014), High resolution temporal occupancy measurements to characterize idle time window in ISM band, 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). 1.
• Oghre, O. C. & Salous, S. (2014), BER performance evaluation of HF MIMO spatial multiplexing systems, 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). Beijing China, IEEE, Beijing, 1.
• Raimundo, Xavier, Salous, Sana & Fioranelli, Francesco (2014), Frequency Modulated Interrupted Continuous Wave Signals in Different Radar Imaging Applications, 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). Beijing China, IEEE, Beijing, 1.

Conference Proceeding

• Razavi-Ghods, N & Salous, S (2004). Semi-sequential MIMO radio channel sounding. INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS.
• Salous, S (2002). Urban and suburban frequency division duplex measurements for UMTS. I E E E.
• Salous, S & Hinostroza, V (2002). Bi-dynamic indoor measurements with high resolution channel sounder. I E E E.
• Salous, S & Gokalp, H (2001). Characterisation of W-CDMA channels in FDD units bands - 2001 IEEE 54thVehicular Technology Conference - VTC Fall '01. I E E E.
• Salous, S & Hinostroza, V (2001). Bi-dynamic UHF channel sounder for indoor measurements. INST ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS.
• Salous, S & Gokalp, H (2001). Propagation measurements in FDD UMTS bands. INST ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS.

Journal Article

• Salous, S., Haneda, K. & Degli‐Esposti, V. (2022). 5G to 6G: A Paradigm Shift in Radio Channel Modeling. Radio Science 57(7).
• Zahid, O. & Salous, S. (2022). Long‐Term Rain Attenuation Measurement for Short‐Range mmWave Fixed Link Using DSD and ITU‐R Prediction Models. Radio Science 57(4).
• Shi, Chenguang, Dai, Xiangrong, Wang, Yijie, Zhou, Jianjiang & Salous, Sana (2022). Joint Route Optimization and Multidimensional Resource Management Scheme for Airborne Radar Network in Target Tracking Application. IEEE Systems Journal 16(4): 6669-6680.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Yijie, Salous, Sana, Zhou, Jianjaing & Yan, Junkun (2022). Joint Transmit Resource Management and Waveform Selection Strategy for Target Tracking in Distributed Phased Array Radar Network. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 58(4): 2762-2778.
• Yang, Wenfei, Huang, Jie, Zhang, Jiliang, Gao, Yuan, Salous, Sana & Zhang, Jie (2021). Verification of an Intelligent Ray Launching Algorithm in Indoor Environments in the Ka‐Band. Radio Science 56(9).
• Salous, S., Lee, J., Kim, M.‐D., Sasaki, M., Yamada, W., Raimundo, X. & Cheema, A.A. (2020). Radio propagation measurements and modeling for standardization of the site general path loss model in International Telecommunications Union recommendations for 5G wireless networks. Radio Science 55(1): e2019RS006924.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Sellathurai, Mathini, Zhou, Jianjiang & Salous, Sana (2020). Low Probability of Intercept-Based Optimal Power Allocation Scheme for an Integrated Multistatic Radar and Communication System. IEEE Systems Journal 14(1): 983-994.
• Huang, Jie, Cao, Yusheng, Raimundo, Xavier, Cheema, Adnan & Salous, Sana (2019). Rain Statistics Investigation and Rain Attenuation Modeling for Millimeter Wave Short-range Fixed Links. IEEE Access 7: 156110-156120.
• Cheema, Adnan Ahmad & Salous, Sana (2019). Spectrum Occupancy Measurements and Analysis in 2.4 GHz WLAN. Electronics 8(9): 1011.
• Shi, Chenguang, Qiu, Wei, Wang, Fei, Salous, Sana & Zhou, Jianjiang (2019). Stackelberg Game-Theoretic Low Probability of Intercept Performance Optimization for Multistatic Radar System. Electronics 8(4): 397.
• Shi, C. G., Wang, F., Salous, S. & Zhou, J. J. (2019). Adaptive jamming waveform design for distributed multiple-radar architectures based on low probability of intercept. Radio Science 54(1): 72-90.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Salous, Sana & Zhou, Jianjiang (2018). Low Probability of Intercept-Based Optimal OFDM Waveform Design Strategy for an Integrated Radar and Communications System. IEEE Access 6: 57689-57699.
• Shi, C. G., Wang, F., Salous, S. & Zhou, J. J. (2018). Joint transmitter selection and resource management strategy based on low probability of intercept optimization for distributed radar networks. Radio Science 53(9): 1108-1134.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Salous, Sana, Zhou, Jianjiang & Hu, Zhentao (2018). Nash Bargaining Game-Theoretic Framework for Power Control in Distributed Multiple-Radar Architecture Underlying Wireless Communication System. Entropy 20(4): 267.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Salous, Sana & Zhou, Jianjiang (2018). Low Probability of Intercept-Based Radar Waveform Design for Spectral Coexistence of Distributed Multiple-Radar and Wireless Communication Systems in Clutter. Entropy 20(3): 197.
• Raimundo, Xavier, Salous, Sana & Cheema, Adnan (2018). Indoor Dual Polarised Radio Channel Characterization in the 54 GHz and 70 GHz bands. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 12(8): 1287-1292.
• Shi, C. G., Wang, F., Salous, S. & Zhou, J. J. (2018). Cramér-Rao Lower Bounds for Joint Target Parameter Estimation in FM-Based Distributed Passive Radar Network with Antenna Arrays. Radio Science 53(3): 314-333.
• Sun, Mengwei, Wang, Xiang, Zhao, Chenglin, Li, Bin, Liang, Ying-Chang, Goussetis, George & Salous, Sana (2018). Adaptive Sensing Schedule for Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in Time-varying Channel. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 67(6): 5520-5524.
• Zhou, Tao, Tao, Cheng, Salous, Sana & Liu, Liu (2018). Measurements and Analysis of Angular Characteristics and Spatial Correlation for High-Speed Railway Channels. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 19(2): 357-367.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Sellathurai, Mathini, Zhou, Jianjiang & Salous, Sana (2018). Power Minimization Based Robust OFDM Radar Waveform Design for Radar and Communication Systems in Coexistence. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 66(5): 1316-1330.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Salous, Sana & Zhou, Jianjiang (2017). Optimal Power Allocation Strategy in a Joint Bistatic Radar and Communication System Based on Low Probability of Intercept. Sensors 17(12): 2731.
• Shi, Chenguang, Wang, Fei, Salous, Sana & Zhou, Jianjiang (2017). Performance Analysis for Joint Target Parameter Estimation in UMTS-Based Passive Multistatic Radar with Antenna Arrays Using Modified Cramér-Rao Lower Bounds. Sensors 17(10): 2379.
• Shi, C.G., Salous, S., Wang, F. & Zhou, J. (2017). Power Allocation for Target Detection in Radar Networks Based on Low Probability of Intercept: A Cooperative Game Theoretical Strategy. Radio Science 52(8): 1030-1045.
• Allen, Ben, Mahato, Shyam, Gao, Yuteng & Salous, Sana (2017). Indoor-to-outdoor empirical path loss modelling for femtocell networks at 0.9, 2, 2.5 and 3.5 GHz using singular value decomposition. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 11(9): 1203-1211.
• Shi, C. G., Salous, S., Wang, F. & Zhou, J. J. (2017). Modified Cramér-Rao lower bounds for joint position and velocity estimation of a Rician target in OFDM-based passive radar networks. Radio Science 52(1): 15-33.
• Zhou, T., Tao, C., Salous, S. & Liu, L. (2017). Spatial characterization for high speed railway channels based on moving virtual array measurement scheme. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16: 1423-1426.
• Shi, Chenguang, Salous, Sana, Wang, Fei & Zhou, Jianjiang (2016). Cramer-Rao Lower Bound Evaluation for Linear Frequency Modulation Based Active Radar Networks Operating in a Rice Fading Environment. Sensors 16(12): 2072.
• Salous, S., Degli Esposti, V., Fuschini, F., Dupleich, D., Müller, R., Thomä, R. S., Haneda, K., Molina-Garcia-Pardo, J.M., Pascual-Garcia, J., Gaillot, D. P., Nekovee, M. & Hur, S. (2016). Millimeter-Wave Propagation: Characterization and modeling toward fifth-generation systems. [Wireless Corner]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 58(6): 115-127.
• Lin, Bao Lin Sun, Xiaoyan & Salous, Sana (2016). Solving Travelling Salesman Problem with an Improved Hybrid Genetic Algorithm. Journal of Computer and Communications 4(15): 98-106.
• Shi, Chenguang, Salous, Sana, Wang, Fei & Zhou, Jianjiang (2016). Low probability of intercept-based adaptive radar waveform optimization in signal-dependent clutter for joint radar and cellular communication systems. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2016(1): 111.
• Cheema, A. & Salous, S. (2016). Digital FMCW for ultrawideband spectrum sensing. Radio Science 51(8): 1413-1420.
• Salous, Sana, Feeney, Stuart, Raimundo, Xavier & Cheema, Adnan (2016). Wideband MIMO channel sounder for radio measurements in the 60 GHz band. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 15(4): 2825-2832.
• Zhou, Tao, Tao, Cheng, Salous, Sana, Liu, Liu & Tan, Zhenhui (2016). A LTE-Based Channel Measurement Method for High-Speed Railway Communications. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 65(1): 25-36.
• Zhou, Tao, Tao, Cheng, Salous, Sana, Liu, Liu & Tan, Zhenhui (2015). Channel characterization in high-speed railway station environments at 1.89 GHz. Radio Science 50(11): 1176-1186.
• Zhang, Zhenkai, Salous, Sana, Li, Hailin & Tian, Yubo (2015). Optimal coordination method of opportunistic array radars for multi-target-tracking-based radio frequency stealth in clutter. Radio Science 50(11): 1187-1196
• Fioranelli, F., Salous, S., Ndip, I. & Raimundo, X. (2015). Through-The-Wall Detection With Gated FMCW Signals Using Optimized Patch-Like and Vivaldi Antennas. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63(3): 1106-1117.
• Zhang, Zhenkai, Salous, Sana, Li, Hailin & Tian, Yubo (2015). An Opportunistic Array Beamforming Technique Based on Binary Multiobjective Wind Driven Optimization Method. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 : 495879.
• Zhou, Tao, Tao, Cheng, Salous, Sana, Liu, Liu & Tan, Zhenhui (2015). Channel Sounding for High-Speed Railway Communication Systems. IEEE Communications Magazine 53(10): 70-77.
• Zhang, Z., Zhu, J. & Salous, S. (2015). A Novel Dwelling Time Design Method For Low Probability Of Intercept In A Complex Radar Network. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 10(4): 310-319.
• Zhou, Tao, Tao, Cheng, Salous, Sana, Tan, Zhenhui, Liu, Liu & Tian, Li (2015). Graph-based stochastic model for high-speed railway cutting scenarios. IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 9(15): 1691-1697.
• Fioranelli, F., Salous, S. & Raimundo, X. (2014). Frequency-Modulated Interrupted Continuous Wave as Wall Removal Technique in Through-the-Wall Imaging. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 52(10): 6272-6283.
• Weng, Jialai, Tu, Xiaoming, Lai, Zhihua, Salous, Sana & Zhang, Jie (2014). Indoor Massive MIMO Channel Modelling Using Ray-Launching Simulation. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014: 279380.
• Zhe Wang & Sana Salous (2011). Spectrum Occupancy Statistics and Time Series Models for Cognitive Radio. Journal of Signal Processing Systems 62(2): 145-155.
• Xiang Cheng, Cheng-Xiang Wang, David I. Laurenson, Sana Salous & Athanasios V. Vasilakos (2011). New deterministic and stochastic simulation models for non-isotropic scattering mobile-to-mobile Rayleigh fading channels. Wireless Communication and Mobile Computing 11(7): 829-842.
• Abdallah M. Feeney, S.M., Salous, S. & Lewenz, R. (2010). Design and calibration of circular uniform beam array for wideband channel characterisation. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 4(1): 43-53.
• Gunashekar, S.D., Warrington, E.M., Feeney, S.M., Salous, S. & Abbasi, N.M. (2010). MIMO communications within the HF band using compact antenna arrays. Radio Science 45(6): RS6013.
• Xiang Cheng, Cheng-Xiang Wang, David Laurenson, Sana Salous & Anthanasios Vasilakos (2009). An adaptive geometry-based stochastic model for non-isotropic MIMO mobile-to-mobile channels. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 8(9): 4824-4835.
• H. Gokalp, G.Y. Taflan & S. Salous (2009). In-band interference reduction in FMCW channel data using Prony modelling. Electronics Letters 45(2): 132-133.
• Gunashekar, S.D. Warrington, E. Michael Strangeways, Hal J., Erhel, Y., Salous, S., Feeney, S.M., Abbasi, N.M., Bertel, L., Lemur, D., Marie, F. & Oger, M. (2009). Utilization of antenna arrays in HF systems. Annals of Geophysics 52 (3/4)(3/4): 323-338.
• S. D. Gunashekar, E. M. Warrington, S. Salous, S. M. Feeney, N. M. Abbasi, L. Bertel, D. Lemur & M. Oger (2009). Investigations into the feasibility of multiple input multiple output techniques within the HF band: Preliminary results. Radio Science 44(RS0A19): 1-15.
• N. Razavi-Ghods & S. Salous (2009). Wideband MIMO channel characterisation in TV studios and inside buildings in the 2.2-2.5 GHz frequency band. Radio Science 44(5): 1-13.
• Salous S.,, Feeney S.,, Khokhar K., & Lewenz R. (2008). Measurements of radio channels and bit error rate estimation of IEEE802.16 standard in semi-rural environment at three frequencies in the 2–6 GHz frequency band. IET Communications 2(7): 878-885.
• Michail Matthaiou1, Nima Razavi-Ghods, David I. Laurenson & Sana Salous (2008). Dual frequency MIMO measurements in the 2.26–2.5 GHz band. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 8(5): 607-614.
• Khokhar, K. & Salous. S. (2008). Frequency domain simulator for mobile radio channels and for IEEE 802.16-2004 standard using measured channels. IET Communications 2(7): 869-877.
• Salous, S. & Gokalp, H. (2007). Medium- and large-scale characterization of UMTS-allocated frequency division duplex channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 56(5): 2831-2843.
• Salous, S., Filippidis, P., Lewenz, R., Hawkins, I., Razavi-Ghods, N. & Abdallah, M. (2005). Parallel receiver channel sounder for spatial and MIMO characterisation of the mobile radio channel. IEE proceedings communications 152(6): 912-918.
• Salous, S. & Hinostroza, V. (2005). Wideband indoor frequency agile channel sounder and measurements. IEE proceedings microwaves, antennas and propagation 152(6): 573-580.
• Arikan, F., Arikan, O. & Salous, S. (2002). A new algorithm for high-quality ionogram generation and analysis. Radio science 37(1): 1004.
• Salous, S. & Gokalp, H. (2002). Dual-frequency sounder for UMTS frequency-division duplex channels. IEE proceedings communications 149(2): 117-122.