17 Goals to Transform Our World

The research that we undertake in the Department is focused on and relevant to a variety of contemporary global challenges, including those concerning poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, migration, natural disasters and justice. In particular, many of our colleagues are doing work that is relevant to the pursuit of several of the Sustainable Development Goals. We have set out a selection of these below including links to the work of some of the staff involved.

Goal 1 - End poverty in all its forms everywhere

Eradicating extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030 is a pivotal goal of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 

We have several colleagues who are examining questions of poverty, inequality and development. Dr Penelope Anthias has been researching extractivism, land rights, indigeneity and decolonisation in her work in Bolivia. Mildred Ajebon has conducted research on health outcomes among poor population groups and on child health inequalities at different spatial scales in Nigeria. Professor Marcus Power has been researching energy poverty and inequality in Southern Africa and Asia. 

Goal 2 - Zero Hunger

Goal 2 is about creating a world free of hunger by 2030.

Professor Mike Crang is currently involved in a project on 'Sustainable Consumption and Agri-food Ethics in the Global South'. Alex Sexton has conducted research on the geographies, politics and histories of food innovation, with a focus on high-tech meat and dairy alternatives.

Goal 3 - Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

A number of colleagues are working on Life and the Geographies of Wellbeing.

Sarah Atkinson has conducted research on health and wellbeing and Mildred Ajebon has been doing research that seeks to understand a range of health outcomes among poor population groups (using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing applications).

Goal 5 - Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world.

A number of colleagues in the Department do research that engages with feminist geographical approaches, that explores questions of gender identity and rights or that is focused on themes like sexualities, bodies and intimacy. EDI is also central to our Departmental community.

Goal 6 - Ensure access to water and sanitation for all

Access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene is the most basic human need for health and well-being. Billions of people will lack access to these basic services in 2030 unless progress quadruples. Demand for water is rising owing to rapid population growth, urbanization and increasing water needs from agriculture, industry, and energy sectors.

Colin McFarlane has undertaken work concerning the relations between sanitation and the city. 

Goal 7 - Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy

In the Department we have a range of colleagues conducting research relevant to the pursuit of sustainable and affordable energy access. Marcus Power has recently been part of a project looking at Community Energy Systems and Sustainable Energy Transitions in Ethiopia, Malawi and Mozambique (CESET). 

Gavin Bridge has been working on geographies of energy transition and governance, Harriet Bulkeley has undertaken research on the affordability, sustainability and accessibility of renewable energy and Cheryl McEwan has researched the renewable energy transitions underway in South Africa. Sarah Knuth is also working on themes of energy and climate justice.

Goal 9 - Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

Goal 9 seeks to build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation.

Economic growth, social development and climate action are heavily dependent on investments in infrastructure, sustainable industrial development and technological progress. In the face of a rapidly changing global economic landscape and increasing inequalities, sustained growth must include industrialization that first of all, makes opportunities accessible to all people, and second, is supported by innovation and resilient infrastructure.

Goal 10 - Reduce inequality within and among countries

Inequality threatens long-term social and economic development, harms poverty reduction and destroys people’s sense of fulfilment and self-worth.

The incomes of the poorest 40 per cent of the population had been growing faster than the national average in most countries. But emerging yet inconclusive evidence suggests that COVID-19 may have put a dent in this positive trend of falling within-country inequality.

Goal 11 - Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Goal 11 is about making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.

Cities represent the future of global living. The world’s population reached 8 billion on 2022 over half living in urban areas. This figure is only expected to rise, with 70 per cent of people expected to live in cities by 2050. Approximately 1.1 billion people currently live in slums or slum-like conditions in cities, with 2 billion more expected in the next 30 years.

Goal 12 - Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

Goal 12 is about ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns, which is key to sustain the livelihoods of current and future generations.

Our planet is running out of resources, but populations are continuing to grow. If the global population reaches 9.8 billion by 2050, the equivalent of almost three planets will be required to provide the natural resources needed to sustain current lifestyles.

Goal 13 - Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

Every person, in every country in every continent will be impacted in some shape or form by climate change. There is a climate cataclysm looming, and we are underprepared for what this could mean.

Climate change is caused by human activities and threatens life on earth as we know it. With rising greenhouse gas emissions, climate change is occurring at rates much faster than anticipated. Its impacts can be devastating and include extreme and changing weather patterns and rising sea levels.

Goal 14 - Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources

Goal 14 is about conserving and sustainably using the oceans, seas and marine resources. Healthy oceans and seas are essential to human existence and life on Earth.

The Ocean is intrinsic to our life on earth. Covering three-quarters of the Earth’s surface, contain 97% of the Earth’s water, and represent 99% of the living space on the planet by volume.

Phil Steinberg has been conducting research on  Wet Ontologies and Ocean Governance whilst Jessi Lehman has been examining the politics and economies of marine cultural heritage, asking how notions of heritage are mobilised to make claims to ocean space, resources, and narratives.

Goal 15 - Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss

Goal 15 is about conserving life on land. It is to protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and stop biodiversity loss.

Earth’s ecosystems are vital for sustaining human life, they contribute to over half of global GDP and encompass diverse cultural, spiritual, and economic values.

Goal 16 - Promote just, peaceful and inclusive societies

Goal 16 is about promoting peaceful and inclusive societies, providing access to justice for all and building effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels. People everywhere should be free of fear from all forms of violence and feel safe as they go about their lives whatever their ethnicity, faith or sexual orientation.

Goal 17 - Revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

Goal 17 is about revitalizing the global partnership for sustainable development. The 2030 Agenda is universal and calls for action by all countries – developed and developing – to ensure no one is left behind. It requires partnerships between governments, the private sector, and civil society.

The Sustainable Development Goals can only be realized with a strong commitment to global partnership and cooperation to ensure no one is left behind in our journey to development.

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